Relativistic time transfer in the vicinity of the Earth and in the solar system
Open accessAbstract
The algorithms for relativistic time transfer in the vicinity of the Earth and in the solar system are derived. The concepts of proper time and coordinate time are distinguished. The coordinate time elapsed during the transport of a clock and the propagation of an electromagnetic signal is analysed in three coordinate systems: an Earth-Centred Inertial (ECI) coordinate system, an Earth-Centred Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate system and a barycentric coordinate system. The timescales of Geocentric Coordinate Time (TCG), Terrestrial Time (TT) and Barycentric Coordinate Time (TCB) are defined and their relationships are discussed. Some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the magnitudes of the effects.
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If the observer is not at rest within the Earth-fixed system, two more terms enter Eq. (6).
“If the observer is not at rest within the Earth-fixed system, then two more terms enter in Eq. ( 6), see, for example, Nelson (2011).”
From Geodetic methods to determine the relativistic redshift at the level of 10 $$^{-18}$$ - 18 in the context of international timescales: a review and practical results (2018) · cites this paper as Nelson (2011)
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The relativistic redshift with 3 10<sup> 17</sup>uncertainty at NIST, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Pavlis, N. K., & Weiss, M. A. (2003) · Metrologia · doi:10.1088/0026-1394/40/2/311 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
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Denker, H., Timmen, L., Voigt, C., Weyers, S., Peik, E., Margolis, H. S., Delva, P., Wolf, P., & Petit, G. (2018) · Journal of Geodesy · doi:10.1007/s00190-017-1075-1 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“(6), see, for example, Nelson (2011).”
Voigt, C., Denker, H., & Timmen, L. (2016) · Metrologia · doi:10.1088/0026-1394/53/6/1365 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nelson, R. A.
- Corresponding author
- Nelson, Robert A
- Venue
- Metrologia
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2011-07-20
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- S171-S180
- ISSN
- 0026-1394 (ISSN-L)
- 1681-7575
- OpenAlex
- W1986466149
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 1.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Metrologia (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › GNSS positioning and interference
- Keywords
- proper time, coordinate time, electromagnetic signal propagation, time scales, gravitational time dilation
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