Singularity theorems from weakened energy conditions
Open accessAbstract
We establish analogues of the Hawking and Penrose singularity theorems based on (a) averaged energy conditions with exponential damping; (b) conditions on local stress–energy averages inspired by the quantum energy inequalities satisfied by a number of quantum field theories. As particular applications, we establish singularity theorems for the Einstein equations coupled to a classical scalar field, which violates the strong energy condition, and the nonminimally coupled scalar field, which also violates the null energy condition.
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There are signs that the weak and null energy conditions may be violated at the quantum-microscopic scale, although they seem to be satisfied at macroscopic scales.
“Itis worth mentioning that there are signs that WEC and NECmaybeviolated at the quantum-microscopic scale [4049], although they seem to be satisfied at the macroscopic scales.”
From Alcubierre warp drive in spherical coordinates with some matter configurations (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
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References 34 · Cited by 56
- Authors
- Fewster, C. J., & Galloway, G. J.
- Affiliations
- University of York (GB)
- University of Miami (US)
- Venue
- Classical and Quantum Gravity
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2011-05-04
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 125009
- ISSN
- 0264-9381 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6382
- OpenAlex
- W2033317896
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Classical and Quantum Gravity (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0708048)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Keywords
- singularity theorems, Penrose singularity theorem, exponential damping, quantum inequalities, energy-momentum tensor, Einstein field equations, scalar field, non-minimal coupling, strong energy condition violation, null energy condition violation
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