The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The use of semiconductors in thermoelectric refrigeration
Abstract
In the past the possibility of thermoelectric refrigeration has been considered, but all attempts to produce a practical refrigerator have failed owing to lack of suitable thermocouple materials. In this paper it is proposed that semiconductors should be used and the factors governing their selection are discussed. It is concluded that the semiconductors should be chosen with high mean atomic weights and that they should be prepared with thermoelectric powers lying between 200 and 300 μV C -1 . Preliminary experiments have led to the production of a thermocouple consisting of bismuth telluride, Bi 2 Te 3 , and bismuth, capable of maintaining 26 C of cooling.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Sommerfeld, A. (1928) · Zeitschrift f�r Physik · doi:10.1007/bf01391052 · Cited by 779
Cited by
Rationally Designing High-Performance Bulk Thermoelectric Materials
Tan, G., Zhao, L.-D., & Kanatzidis, M. G. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00255 · Cited by 2,355
Materials for thermoelectric energy conversion
Wood, C. (1988) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/51/4/001 · Cited by 1,121
High-performance nanostructured thermoelectric materials
Li, J.-F., Liu, W.-S., Zhao, L.-D., & Zhou, M. (2010) · NPG Asia Materials · doi:10.1038/asiamat.2010.138 · Cited by 963
Electrical and optical properties of some M2v−bN3vi−b semiconductors
Black, J., Conwell, E. M., Seigle, L., & Spencer, C. W. (1957) · Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids · doi:10.1016/0022-3697(57)90090-2 · Cited by 433
Advanced Thermoelectric Materials for Flexible Cooling Application
Ding, J., Zhao, W., Jin, W., Di, C., & Zhu, D. (2021) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202010695 · Cited by 123
Metadata
- Authors
- Goldsmid, H. J., & Douglas, R. W.
- Venue
- British Journal of Applied Physics
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1954-11
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 386-390
- ISSN
- 0508-3443 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1986576442
- Cited by
- 608
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 6.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The use of semiconductors in thermoelectric refrigeration. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/0508-3443/5/11/303
- The paper
- Goldsmid, H. J., & Douglas, R. W. (1954). The use of semiconductors in thermoelectric refrigeration. British Journal of Applied Physics. https://doi.org/10.1088/0508-3443/5/11/303
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.