Supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis

Abstract

We re-examine the generation of the baryon asymmetry in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) during the electroweak phase transition. We find that the dominant source for baryogenesis arises from the chargino sector. The CP-violation comes from the complex phase in the μ parameter, which provides CP-odd contributions to the particle dispersion relations. This leads to different accelerations for particles and antiparticles in the wall region which, combined with diffusion, leads to the separation of higgsinos and their antiparticles in the front of the wall. These asymmetries get transported to produce perturbations in the left-handed chiral quarks, which then drive sphaleron interactions to create the baryon asymmetry. We present a complete derivation of the semiclassical WKB formalism, including the chargino dispersion relations and a self-consistent derivation of the diffusion equations starting from semiclassical Boltzmann equations for WKB-excitations. We stress the advantages of treating the transport equations in terms of the manifestly gauge invariant physical energy and kinetic momentum, rather than in the gauge variant canonical variables used in previous treatments. We show that a large enough baryon asymmetry can be created for the phase of the complex μ-parameter as small as ~ 10−3, which is consistent with bounds from the neutron electric dipole moment.