The DOI matches its Crossref record; 291 of the 291 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Black hole chemistry: thermodynamics with Lambda
Open accessAbstract
Abstract We review recent developments on the thermodynamics of black holes in extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is interpreted as thermodynamic pressure and treated as a thermodynamic variable in its own right. In this approach, the mass of the black hole is no longer regarded as internal energy, rather it is identified with the chemical enthalpy. This leads to an extended dictionary for black hole thermodynamic quantities; in particular a notion of thermodynamic volume emerges for a given black hole spacetime. This volume is conjectured to satisfy the reverse isoperimetric inequality—an inequality imposing a bound on the amount of entropy black hole can carry for a fixed thermodynamic volume. New thermodynamic phase transitions naturally emerge from these identifications. Namely, we show that black holes can be understood from the viewpoint of chemistry, in terms of concepts such as Van der Waals fluids, reentrant phase transitions, and triple points. We also review the recent attempts at extending the AdS/CFT dictionary in this setting, discuss the connections with horizon thermodynamics, applications to Lifshitz spacetimes, and outline possible future directions in this field.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Particle creation by black holes
Hawking, S. W. (1975) · Communications In Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf02345020 · Cited by 13,106 · cited 3×
“After Hawking’s seminal paper [4] elevated the laws of black hole mechanics to the laws of thermodynamics, identifying the geometric concept of surface gravity κ with the quantum mechanical temperature of the black hole, κ ∝ T ħ , two important questions arose: How do the completely classical Einstein equations know a…”
BackgroundAnti de Sitter space and holography
Witten, E. (1998) · Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics · doi:10.4310/atmp.1998.v2.n2.a2 · Cited by 13,070
The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and SupergravityPreprint
Maldacena, J. (1998) · Cited by 11,886
Bekenstein, J. D. (1973) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.7.2333 · Cited by 7,555
The Large-N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
Maldacena, J. (1999) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1023/a:1026654312961 · Cited by 6,704
Ryu, S., & Takayanagi, T. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.181602 · Cited by 4,302
The four laws of black hole mechanics
Bardeen, J. M., Carter, B., & Hawking, S. W. (1973) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01645742 · Cited by 3,932
Anti-de Sitter space, thermal phase transition, and confinement in gauge theories
Witten, E. (1998) · Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics · doi:10.4310/atmp.1998.v2.n3.a3 · Cited by 3,915
Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation
Gibbons, G. W., & Hawking, S. W. (1977) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.15.2738 · Cited by 3,192
Thermodynamics of black holes in anti-de Sitter space
Hawking, S. W., & Page, D. N. (1983) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01208266 · Cited by 3,045
Cited by
Noether charge, black hole volume, and complexity
Couch, J., Fischler, W., & Nguyen, P. H. (2017) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep03(2017)119 · Cited by 257
Holographic thermodynamics of accelerating black holes
Anabalón, A., Appels, M., Gregory, R., Kubizňák, D., Mann, R. B., & Övgün, A. (2018) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.104038 · Cited by 128
Self-citationBlack hole thermodynamics with conical defects
Appels, M., Gregory, R., & Kubizňák, D. (2017) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep05(2017)116 · Cited by 80
Self-citationLi, R., Zhang, K., & Wang, J. (2020) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep10(2020)090 · Cited by 74
Instability of super-entropic black holes in extended thermodynamics
Johnson, C. V. (2020) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s0217732320500984 · Cited by 35
Metadata
- Authors
- Kubizňák, D., Mann, R. B., & Teo, M.
- Venue
- Classical and Quantum Gravity
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2017-03-02
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 063001
- ISSN
- 0264-9381 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6382
- OpenAlex
- W2516580993
- Cited by
- 847
- References
- 291
- FWCI
- 33.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Black hole chemistry: thermodynamics with Lambda. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/1361-6382/aa5c69
- The paper
- Kubizňák, D., Mann, R. B., & Teo, M. (2017). Black hole chemistry: thermodynamics with Lambda. Classical and Quantum Gravity. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/aa5c69
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
