Alterations in Daytime and Nighttime Activity in Piglets after Focal and Diffuse Brain Injury
Open accessAbstract
We have developed and implemented a noninvasive, objective neurofunctional assessment for evaluating the sustained effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in piglets with both diffuse and focal injury types. Derived from commercial actigraphy methods in humans, this assessment continuously monitors the day/night activity of piglets using close-fitting jackets equipped with tri-axial accelerometers to monitor movements of the thorax. Acceleration metrics were correlated (N = 7 naïve piglets) with video images to define values associated with a range of activities, from recumbancy (rest) to running. Both focal (N = 8) and diffuse brain injury (N = 9) produced alterations in activity that were significant 4 days post-TBI. Compared to shams (N = 6) who acclimated to the animal facility 4 days after an anesthesia experience by blurring the distinction between day and night activity, post-TBI time-matched animals had larger fractions of inactive periods during the daytime than nighttime, and larger fractions of active time in the night were spent in high activity (e.g., constant walking, intermittent running) than during the day. These persistent disturbances in rest and activity are similar to those observed in human adults and children post-TBI, establishing actigraphy as a translational metric, used in both humans and large animals, for assessment of injury severity, progressions, and intervention.
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Animal models recapitulate sleep phenotypes of disordered sleep in humans, especially excessive daytime sleepiness.
“Animal models recapitulate sleep phenotypes of disordered sleep in humans, especially that of EDS.22,44,45,48,49,64–73”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [68]
The Abstract and Discussion report that brain-injured piglets showed increased daytime inactivity and disrupted nighttime rest, resembling disturbances observed in humans after TBI. But the Discussion says the actigraphy measure cannot distinguish quiet wakefulness from sleep, so the study does not establish excessive daytime sleepiness itself. Its findings also concern piglets after TBI, rather than animal models generally. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Sleep-Wake Disturbances After Traumatic Brain Injury: Synthesis of Human and Animal Studies
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Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System
Somach, R. T., Lim, M. M., & Cohen, A. S. (2025) · Neurotrauma Reports · doi:10.1089/neur.2024.0111 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Olson, E., Badder, C., Sullivan, S., Smith, C., Propert, K., & Margulies, S. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Margulies, Susan S.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurotrauma
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-04-15
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 734-740
- ISSN
- 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9042
- PMC
- PMC4841073
- OpenAlex
- W1750732882
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS39679, U01NS069545, R01NS039679)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, actigraphy, piglets, focal brain injury, diffuse brain injury, circadian activity, triaxial accelerometer, injury severity, translational animal model
- MeSH terms
- Brain Injuries, Diffuse, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Brain Injuries, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Motor Activity, Swine, Actigraphy
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