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Cited by 34Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchAutomotive and Human Injury Biomechanics

Acute Post-Traumatic Sleep May Define Vulnerability to a Second Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice

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Rowe, Rachel K., Harrison, Jordan L., Morrison, Helena W., Subbian, Vignesh, Murphy, Sean M., Lifshitz, Jonathan·2019·Journal of Neurotrauma
DOI 10.1089/neu.2018.5980PMC PMC6479254
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Abstract

Chronic neurological impairments can manifest from repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI), particularly when subsequent injuries occur before the initial injury completely heals. Herein, we apply post-traumatic sleep as a physiological biomarker of vulnerability, hypothesizing that a second TBI during post-traumatic sleep worsens neurological and histological outcomes compared to one TBI or a second TBI after post-traumatic sleep subsides. Mice received sham or diffuse TBI by midline fluid percussion injury; brain-injured mice received one TBI or rTBIs at 3- or 9-h intervals. Over 40 h post-injury, injured mice slept more than shams. Functional assessments indicated lower latencies on rotarod and increased Neurological Severity Scores for mice with rTBIs within 3 h. Anxiety-like behaviors in the open field task were increased for mice with rTBIs at 3 h. Based on pixel density of silver accumulation, neuropathology was greater at 28 days post-injury (DPI) in rTBI groups than sham and single TBI. Cortical microglia morphology was quantified and mice receiving rTBI were de-ramified at 14 DPI compared to shams and mice receiving a single TBI, suggesting robust microglial response in rTBI groups. Orexin-A-positive cells were sustained in the lateral hypothalamus with no loss detected, indicating that loss of wake-promoting neurons did not contribute to post-traumatic sleep. Thus, duration of post-traumatic sleep is a period of vulnerability that results in exacerbated injury from rTBI. Monitoring individual post-traumatic sleep is a potential clinical tool for personalized TBI management, where regular sleep patterns may inform rehabilitative strategies and return-to-activity guidelines.

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  • Some animal studies report a disordered sleep phenotype of increased wakefulness, more latency to sleep, or insomnia, which are also phenotypes of sleep disorders in human TBI patients.

    “Some studies report a disordered sleep phenotype of increased wakefulness, more latency to sleep, or insomnia in animals,65,70–72 which are also phenotypes of sleep disorders in human TBI patients.”

    From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [70]

    The Results report that brain-injured mice slept significantly less than shams during part of the light cycle, supporting increased wakefulness under that condition. The Discussion also describes fragmented sleep and clinical parallels, but does not report increased sleep latency or insomnia in these mice or establish that their increased wakefulness matches a human TBI phenotype. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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References 89 · Cited by 34

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Authors
Rowe, R. K., Harrison, J. L., Morrison, H. W., Subbian, V., Murphy, S. M., & Lifshitz, J.
Affiliations
  • Barrow Neurological Institute (US)
  • University of Arizona College of Medicine- Phoenix (US)
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • University of Kentucky (US)
Corresponding author
Lifshitz, Jonathan
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Neurotrauma
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2019-04-15
Volume
36
Issue
8
Pages
1318-1334
ISSN
  • 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-9042
DOI
10.1089/neu.2018.5980
PMC
PMC6479254
OpenAlex
W2899813503
Cited by
34
References
89
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3
FWCI
1.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Science Foundation Arizona
  • University of Arizona
  • Diane and Bruce Halle Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS065052, F31NS090921, R21NS072611)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
Keywords
repetitive traumatic brain injury, fluid percussion injury, anxiety-like behavior, neurological severity, orexin-A, lateral hypothalamus, sleep-wake regulation
MeSH terms
Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Animals, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Sleep, Time Factors, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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