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The Lacunae of Loss? Aging and the Differentiation of Cognitive Abilities
Abstract
This chapter examines the effect of aging on cognitive abilities and asks whether all cognitive abilities show evidence of decline or whether some abilities are relatively spared. Declines in specific abilities would be lacunae of loss sparing the archipelagos of surviving abilities. This chapter looks at evidence from the perspective of maintenance or loss of consistency of relationships between mental abilities as age advances. Analysis of cross-sectional data from a large elderly sample showed age impaired performance on all tests that individuals were given, with the exception of some vocabulary tests. However, the amounts of total variance in test performance associated with differences in age between forty-nine and ninety-two years were very modest—not exceeding 22%. Further analysis of the data set showed that levels of correlations between scores on intelligence tests and other tests of fluid intelligence, between intelligence tests and other cognitive tests, and between other cognitive tests are consistently higher in a sample aged from seventy to ninety-two years than in a sample aged from forty-nine to sixty-nine years.
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“but the spread of abilities in older people is far larger than in any other segment of the population (Rabbitt and Anderson, 2006).”
From Reducing working memory load in spoken dialogue systems (2009) · cites this paper as Rabbitt and Anderson, 2006
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White matter lesions account for all age-related declines in speed but not in intelligence.
Rabbitt, P., Scott, M., Lunn, M., Thacker, N., Lowe, C., Pendleton, N., Horan, M., & Jackson, A. (2007) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.3.363 · Cited by 93
Self-citationReducing working memory load in spoken dialogue systems
Wolters, M., Georgila, K., Moore, J. D., Logie, R. H., MacPherson, S. E., & Watson, M. (2009) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2009.05.009 · Cited by 66
Being Old Doesn’t Mean Acting Old: How Older Users Interact with Spoken Dialog Systems
Wolters, M., Georgila, K., Moore, J. D., & MacPherson, S. E. (2009) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/1525840.1525842 · Cited by 60
Speech Input from Older Users in Smart Environments: Challenges and Perspectives
Vipperla, R., Wolters, M., Georgila, K., & Renals, S. (2009) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02710-9_14 · Cited by 37
Lien, M.-C., Gemperle, A., & Ruthruff, E. D. (2010) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0021073 · Cited by 35
Age and Ability Affect Practice Gains in Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Change
Rabbitt, P., Lunn, M., Wong, D., & Cobain, M. (2008) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/63.4.p235 · Cited by 35
Self-citationAge-associated losses of brain volume predict longitudinal cognitive declines over 8 to 20 years.
Rabbitt, P., Ibrahim, S., Lunn, M., Scott, M. L. J., Thacker, N. A., Hutchinson, C. E., Horan, M. A., Pendleton, N., & Jackson, A. (2008) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.22.1.3 · Cited by 22
Self-citationMaking it easier for older people to talk to smart homes: the effect of early help prompts
Wolters, K. M., Engelbrecht, K.-P., Gödde, F., Möller, S., Naumann, A., & Schleicher, R. (2010) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-009-0184-x · Cited by 18
Sudden Declines in Intelligence in Old Age Predict Death and Dropout From Longitudinal Studies
Rabbitt, P., Lunn, M., Wong, D., & Cobain, M. (2008) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/63.4.p205 · Cited by 18
Self-citationBiermann, J. S. (2011) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 2
Clever Hans Eysenck and the Light Blue Fringe
Rabbitt, P. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.004 · Cited by 2
Self-citationTodd, J.-A. M. (2011) · Griffith Research Online · doi:10.25904/1912/1986 · Cited by 1
(2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816401-3.16001-9
Metadata
- Authors
- Rabbitt, P., & Anderson, M.
- Venue
- Lifespan CognitionMechanisms of Change
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 2006-04-27
- Pages
- 331-343
- OpenAlex
- W2195111189
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Murdoch University Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- aging, cognitive decline, cognitive ability, fluid intelligence, intelligence tests, vocabulary, inter-test correlation, older adults
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