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Protecting Civilians in War: The ICRC, UNHCR, and Their Limitations in Internal Armed Conflicts
Abstract
Since the complex emergencies of the 1990s, humanitarian agencies have placed increasing emphasis on the protection of civilians during armed conflict. In spite of this, there is a consensus among humanitarians that outcomes are falling short of intentions, and that the increased emphasis on protection by humanitarian actors has failed to yield a corresponding improvement in the security of the civilian population. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) are two of the most important humanitarian agencies for the protection of internally displaced persons and other civilians, and both have protection at the heart of their mandates. This book explores how the history, structure, and culture of each of these two international organizations affect how it goes about protection, and highlights how their resulting approaches to protection are inherently limited. Whereas existing explanations for shortcomings in humanitarian protection tend to blame factors external to humanitarian agencies, this book focuses on the organizations themselves, and their understandings of protection. While acknowledging the importance of other actors in determining the level of civilian security or insecurity, the analysis in this book focuses on how the ICRC and UNHCR conceptualize and practise protection, in order to add another layer to our understanding of why protection outcomes are so often so disappointing. B…
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“The UN agencies are subordinate to superior UN bodies and are politically and financially dependent on States (Bradley, 2016, p. 29).”
From Unique data, different values: Explaining variation in the use of biometrics by international humanitarian organizations (2024) · cites this paper as Bradley, 2016, p. 29
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“While the interests of States are, to some extent, the driving force of the IO behavior, IOs respond differently to external pressure (Bradley, 2016, p. 23).”
From Unique data, different values: Explaining variation in the use of biometrics by international humanitarian organizations (2024) · cites this paper as Bradley, 2016
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bradley, M.
- Corresponding author
- Bradley, Miriam
- ORCID
- Bradley, Miriam
- Venue
- Oxford University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 2016-03-01
- OpenAlex
- W4232378937
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 7.17
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Peacebuilding and International Security
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Law and Human Rights
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Global Peace and Security Dynamics
- Keywords
- civilian protection, humanitarian protection, International Committee of the Red Cross, UNHCR, internally displaced persons, humanitarian organizations, organizational culture, humanitarian policy, complex emergencies, civilian security
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