Coffee intake and incidence of hypertension
Open accessAbstract
Background The long-term longitudinal evidence for a relation between coffee intake and hypertension is relatively scarce.Objective The objective was to assess whether coffee intake is associated with the incidence of hypertension.Design This study was conducted on a cohort of 2985 men and 3383 women who had a baseline visit and follow-up visits after 6 and 11 y. Baseline coffee intake was ascertained with questionnaires and categorized into 0, >0-3, >3-6, and >6 cups/d. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) >or=140 mm Hg over both follow-up measurements, a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >or=90 mm Hg over both follow-up measurements, or the use of antihypertensive medication at any follow-up measurement.Results Coffee abstainers at baseline had a lower risk of hypertension than did those with a coffee intake of >0-3 cups/d [odds ratio (OR): 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.92]. Women who drank >6 cups/d had a lower risk than did women who drank >0-3 cups/d (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.98). Subjects aged >or=39 y at baseline had 0.35 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.59, -0.11 mm Hg) lower SBP per cup intake/d and 0.11 mm Hg lower DBP (95% CI: -0.26, 0.03 mm Hg) than did those aged <39 y at baseline, although the difference in DBP was not statistically significant.Conclusions Coffee abstinence is associated with a lower hypertension risk than is low coffee consumption. An inverse U-shaped relation between coffee intake and risk of hypertension was observed in the women.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In Uiterwaal et al. (2007), higher coffee intake was not associated with an increased risk of hypertension, whereas coffee abstainers showed a decreased risk compared with the reference category.
“In the study by Uiterwaal et al. (2007), where the category of more than zero to three cups per day was taken as the reference, higher coffee intake was not associated with an increased risk of hypertension, whereas coffee abstainers showed a decreased risk compared with the reference category.”
From Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine (2015) · cites this paper as Uiterwaal et al., 2007
The Panel notes the low number of coffee abstainers and the low number of incident cases of hypertension in this group in Uiterwaal et al. (2007).
“The Panel notes the low number of coffee abstainers included in the study and the low number of incident cases of hypertension in this group.”
From Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine (2015) · cites this paper as Uiterwaal et al., 2007
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 34 · Cited by 91
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Verschuren WMM, van Leer EM, Blokstra A, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in The Netherlands. Neth J Cardiol 1993;4:205-10.
- Katterman R, Jaworek D, Möller G. Multicenter study of a new enzy- matic method of cholesterol determination. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1984;22:245-51.
- The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VII). JAMA 2003;289:2560 -72.
- Authors
- Uiterwaal, C. S., Verschuren, W. M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Ocké, M., Geleijnse, J. M., Boshuizen, H. C., Peeters, P. H., Feskens, E. J., & Grobbee, D. E.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Uiterwaal, Cuno SPM
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 718-723
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2124876482
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Rivm (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Keywords
- coffee consumption, hypertension incidence, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, sex differences, inverted U-shaped relationship, antihypertensive medication use
- MeSH terms
- Blood Pressure, Body Height, Body Weight, Coffee, Diet, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Characteristics, Cohort Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
