Opportunities and Challenges for ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Biomedicine and Health

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Items 301–361 of 361

1. Tıbbi Akıl Yürütme için Gemma 3 Modellerinin CoT Destekli SFT ve GRPO ile İncelenmesi
   İsmail İşeri, Alper Yıldırım, Alihan Öztorun, Tuğba Tuna, Arda Turan · 2025 · Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi
2. Enhancing Large Language Models for Identifying and Prioritizing Important Medical Jargons From Electronic Health Record Notes Using Data Augmentation: Comparative Study
   Won Seok Jang, Sharmin Sultana, Zonghai Yao, Hieu Tran, Zhichao Yang, Sunjae Kwon, Hongnian Yu · 2026 · JMIR AI
3. Human knowledge-enhanced large language model agent for prediction of intestinal disease progression in patients with Crohn's disease: A multicenter retrospective study
   Zhoulei Li, Feifan He, Ruonan Zhang, Shanshan Zhu, Qinxian Chen, Sheng Yong Wu, Fei Meng, Siqi Chen, Cicong Hu, Yangdi Wang et al. · 2025 · Meta-Radiology
4. Investigation of Large Language Models’ Capabilities in Answering Clinical Questions Related to Periodontal Furcation Therapy
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5. Challenges, Biases, and Solutions in Using Large Language Models Like ChatGPT for Public Health Communication and Crisis Management
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6. Rapid Clinical Evidence Explorer: A Generative Pre-Trained Transformer–Powered Tool for Automated Oncology Evidence Extraction
   Eunyoung Im, Byeol Yi Kim, Sunghoon Kang, Hyeoneui Kim · 2025 · JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics
7. Deep learning for ADME prediction
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8. Synthetic Data for Infertility Research: A Literature Review
   Rozália Szatmáry, Kornélia Sára Szatmáry, Fei-Yue Wang · 2025 · IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics (CINTI)
9. MedGemma-Critic: Fine-Tuning Medical Language Models for Domain-Specialised Text Evaluation
   Si-Ru Liu, Jinman Kim · 2025 · International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications
10. The Role of LLMs for Optimizing Clinical Insights in Text Summarization
    Ayesha Camran, Afreen Khan · 2026 · Lecture notes in networks and systems
11. What are the challenges facing the use of ChatGPT in the Bahrain public sector?
    Sharifah Alharoon, Fairouz Mosleh Aldhmour · 2026 · Social Sciences & Humanities Open
12. OST: An AI Enabled One-Stop Station Platform for Cyber Security Incident Reporting
    Alwaleed Al Rashdi, Shancang Li · 2026 · Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
13. An Efficient Pipeline for Fine-Tuning and Evaluating LLMs to Interpret Medical Expert Knowledge in Pediatrics
    Mohamed Yaseen Jabarulla, Steffen Oeltze‐Jafra, Philipp Beerbaum, Theodor Uden · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom)
14. A Comprehensive Benchmark of Tool-Augmented Large Language Models for Biomedical Knowledge Retrieval and Integration
    Van Q. Truong, Shu Yang, Li Shen, Marylyn DeRiggi Ritchie · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)
15. A Chance and Control-Based Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm for Solving Large-Scale Multiple Sequence Alignment Problem
    Jun Hong, Jinghui Zhong, Zhi‐Hui Zhan, Jun Zhang · 2026 · IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
16. Comparative Analysis of Generative AI Models for Determining Medicine Applicability Based on Medicine Names
    R. P. Roshan, K. Swetha, Mathew Vimala · 2026 · Lecture notes in networks and systems
17. Evaluation of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer’s Performance in Cosmetic Injection Consultation by Authoritative Plastic Surgeons
    Jintian Hu, Qingqian Wei, Jinge Li, Shunbing Lu, Jun Zhuang, Yuxi Xia, Mei-Yang He, Wenqian Xian, Fei Chen · 2026 · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open
18. Large Language Models for Bioinformatics: Applications and Challenges
    Wenxi Zhu, Wensheng Gan, Zhenlian Qi, Philip S. Yu · 2025 · IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)
19. Inteligencia artificial y toxicología: conocimientos frente a los de otras especialidades médicas
    Santiago Nogué, José Ríos, Carolina Saavedra, Montserrat Amigó‐Tadín · 2026 · Medicina Clínica
20. Design of a RAG framework for cardiology EHR analysis
    Annamaria Defilippo, Giovanni Canino, Nicola Procopio, M. D. Albino Trapuzzano, Sabato Sorrentino, M. D. Ciro Indolfi, Patrizia Vizza, Pierangelo Veltri, Pietro Hiram Guzzi · 2026 · Discover Artificial Intelligence
21. Investigating expectations and needs regarding the use of large language models at Bavarian university clinics
    Juraj Vladika, Alexander M. Fichtl, Florian Matthes · 2026 · Scientific Reports
22. DrugPlayGround: Benchmarking Large Language Models and Embeddings for Drug Discovery
    Tianyu Liu, Sihan Jiang, Fan Zhang, Kunyang Sun, Teresa L. Head-Gordon, Hongyu Zhao · 2026 · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
23. Sağlık bilimleri lisansüstü öğrencilerinde yapay zekâ kullanımının e-sağlık okuryazarlığına etkisi: GAMLSS yaklaşımı
    Merve Türkegün Şengül, Mustafa Karabulut · 2026 · Mersin üniversitesi sağlık bilimleri dergisi/Mersin üniversitesi sağlık bilimleri dergisi
24. Use of Large Language Models to Extract Heart Failure Information from Electronic Health Records: A Scoping Review
    Jocelyn Carter, Nancy Anoruo, Narmeen Rehman, Yu Otaki, Melis Lydston, HARRY B. BURKE · 2026 · Current Epidemiology Reports
25. Uncovering cellular composition changes: Cutting-edge differential abundance methods for single-cell RNA sequencing
    Yingxue Xiao, J. Sun, You-Jin Hao, Ling-Ling Xie, Hongrui Duo, Yue Zou, Yinghong Li, Dan Qin, Qingxia Yang, Bo Li · 2026 · Trends in Analytical Chemistry (TrAC)
26. Artificial Intelligence in Medical Informatics: From Algorithms to Clinical Practice—A Survey
    Yu-Fan Luo, Dechao Bu, Yang Wu, Y ZHAO · 2026 · Journal of Computer Science and Technology
27. Emerging trends and future directions in computer-aided drug design and artificial intelligence
    Dong-Sheng Cao · 2026 · Elsevier eBooks
28. Transforming social media sentiment analysis with generative large language models: A case study from the cultured meat debate
    Tianli Chen, Leona Yi-Fan Su, Yee Man Margaret Ng, Matthew J. Stasiewicz, Yi-Cheng Wang · 2026 · Food Quality and Preference
29. AI-Driven Cybersecurity: Enhancing Threat Detection and Response
    Ayushi Bhakuni, Gurpreet Kaur, Anshu Vashisth, Alok Misra, Manik Rakhra, Mukesh Kumar · 2026 · International Conference on Smart Futuristic Technology (SMARTTECH)
30. Comparative Performance of AI-Generated Responses to Patient Questions on Systemic Isotretinoin: ChatGPT versus Gemini (Preprint)
    Elif Bal Avcı, Buğra Burç Dağtaş, Dilara İlhan Erdil, Ozan Erdem, Andaç Salman, Selçuk Korkmaz, Sezgi Sarıkaya Solak · 2026
31. Artificial intelligence and toxicology: Knowledge compared with other medical specialties
    Santiago Nogué, José Ríos, Carolina Saavedra, Montserrat Amigó‐Tadín · 2026 · Medicina Clínica (English Edition)
32. LLM Chatbot Integration With Inventory Systems for Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Services: A Systematic Review
    Vinita Khatri, Niketa D. Trivedi · 2026 · Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice
33. A Structured Literature Review on the Challenges to the Adoption of ChatGPT in the MENA Workplace
    Sharifah Alharoon · 2026 · Studies in systems, decision and control
34. Large language models accelerate the acquisition of mycotoxin-degrading enzyme information
    Lu Gao, Huilong Chen, Xiaofang Ding, Shimeng Huang, Qiugang Ma, Luiz Gustavo Nussio, Kuikui Ni, Fuyu Yang, Gang Xu · 2026 · Genomics Communications
35. Evaluating large language models in Helicobacter pylori -related question answering: From knowledge tests to patient queries
    Shi-Ping Sun, Dan-Ye Niu, Ming‐Kai Yuan, Li Liu, Yi Li, Han Min · 2026 · World Journal of Gastroenterology
36. Robotic versus traditional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): A dual-phase meta-analysis comparing human and AI-derived evidence
    N. Georginian, C. Wijeewera, H.T. Tran, H. Wilson, T. Carney, M.K. Wilson, Veronica Angela Preda · 2026 · The American Journal of Surgery
37. Multi-source perception early disease monitoring system based on IoT and large language models: research status, layered architecture and future trends
    Boyuan Wang, Xuan Hua · 2026 · Cluster Computing
38. Large language models for drug discovery and development: a transformative technology accelerating the identification of novel therapeutics
    Eram Siddiqui, Amit Kumar Tyagi · 2026 · Elsevier eBooks
39. Automated Meta-Analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Based on GraphRAG: A Methodology Study
    Yu Zhong, Jingna Jin, X Wang, Wang He, Tao Yin · 2026 · Research Square
40. Effects of Image-Generative AI Combined with Supervised-AI Game-Based Learning on Students’ Learning Effectiveness and AI Literacy
    Ting-Chia Hsu, Ying-Chieh Lin, Tai-Ping Hsu · 2026 · Springer international handbooks of education
41. Performance of Large Language Models for Oncology Nursing Decision Support: Cross-Sectional Study
    Qiongyu Zhou, Yan Jia, Haiqin Hu, Danjiao Huang, Xuefeng Chen, Yirong Xia, Wanying Wu · 2026 · Journal of Medical Internet Research
42. A Large Language Model–Driven System for Advance Care Planning Training Among Health Care Providers in the Chinese Context: Development and Technical Evaluation
    Minghui Tan, Siyuan Tang, Shichao Kan, Bei Wu, Zhao Ni, Haojie Zhang, Jinfeng Ding · 2026 · Journal of Medical Internet Research
43. STING-ExositeDB: An AI-assisted curated database of protein exosites for drug discovery
    Folorunsho Bright Omage, Ivan Mazoni, Inácio Henrique Yano, Goran Neshich · 2026 · Database
44. Case-matched retrieval improves textual alignment of LLM-generated radiology impressions
    Vera Sorin, Jeremy D. Collins, Lewis D. Hahn, Alex K. Bratt, Eyal Klang, Panagiotis D. Korfiatis · 2026 · PLoS ONE
45. ICU mortality prediction via multimodal learning on MIMIC-IV clinical data
    Alberto Falcone, Agostino Forestiero, Rocco Malivindi, Marzia Settino · 2026 · Bioinformatics Advances
46. Complementary Evidence Pathways for LLM-Based Gene-Disease Plausibility Assessment
    Evan Yu, G. Gu, L. Rasmy, Zi-Qian Xie, D. Zhi · 2026 · IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics
47. Prompt nest to simple: Step-wise prompting and semantic projection integration framework for biomedical overlapping and nested event extraction
    Xinyu He, Shixin Li, Ying Qu · 2026 · Information Processing & Management
48. SPSS 31.0 Versus GPT-5.5: Performance Across Core Epidemiological and Non-parametric Statistics in Medicine and Applied Health Sciences
    Frederick Strale, Rachael M German, VeraLucia Mendes-Kramer, Steven B. Hammer, Michal Hajek, Walter P Fulbright, Robert R. Ehrman, Robert Leigh Sherwin · 2026 · Cureus
49. Prompt engineering for medical named entity recognition: A few-shot approach with large language models
    Yuxin Zhang, Han Qing · 2026 · Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
50. Scaling Biomedical Text-Mining: Transformers, GenAI, and Drug Discovery
    Sofia P. Agostinho, Catarina Santos, Daniel Ramalhão, Irina Sousa Moreira, Nícia Rosário‐Ferreira · 2026 · Methods in molecular biology
51. Opportunities and challenges of generative AI in the research lifecycle
    Neda Sadeghi, Erin Nakamura, Luke J. Norman, Asim Okur, Jessica Xiaoxi Ouyang, Gustavo P. Sudre, Tonya J.H. White · 2026 · Aperture Neuro
52. An intelligent OCR-LLM prescription review system for inpatient narcotic and psychotropic drugs
    Rong Ma, Kai Xu, 张鸣明, Xiangpeng Li, Xingrong Ma, Junyu Wang, Jing Li · 2026 · Medicine
53. Multifaceted Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Vascular Surgery
    Fabien Lareyre, Guilherme Pena, Juliette Raffort · 2026 · Springer eBooks
54. Generative Artificial Intelligence Framework for Producing Draft Clinical Governance Dashboards from Quality Metrics, Audit Reports, Incident Logs, Compliance Indicators, and Executive Reporting Templates
    Rashid Al-Mahdi, Khalifa Al-Suwaidi, Mariam Al-Kuwari · 2026 · Journal of Health Informatics and Digital Systems
55. Quality and Readability of ChatGPT and Gemini Responses to Patient Questions About Systemic Isotretinoin: Comparative Evaluation Study
    Elif Bal Avcı, Buğra Burç Dağtaş, Dilara İlhan Erdil, Ozan Erdem, Andaç Salman, Selçuk Korkmaz, Sezgi Sarıkaya Solak · 2026 · JMIR Dermatology
56. Domain Adaptation of LLaMA-2-7B for Veterinary and Livestock Question Answering: A Lexical, Semantic, Statistical and Expert-Based Evaluation
    Tolgahan Öztürk, Mehmet Erkan Yüksel, Selçuk Sevgen · 2026 · Applied Sciences
57. The benefits and biases of artificial intelligence in microbiology
    Sesan Abiodun Aransiola, Adams Husseinat Onyinoyi, Joshua Ogboghena Akhigbe, Suleiman Ishaq Onoruoiza, Ebenezer Esenogho, Naga Raju Maddela · 2026 · Computational Biology and Chemistry
58. Katalyst: knowledge-guided semantic alignment via contrastive learning for enzyme turnover prediction
    Ruilin Li, Senyu Tang, Jiaqi Deng, 邱太兴, Fei Guo, Jijun Tang, Xiaoyi Liu · 2026 · Bioinformatics
59. An empirical study of knowledge modelling for healthcare chatbots: From RAG to GraphRAG
    Yuqing Lin, Tao Tan, Xiao Chen, Jawaher Alghamdi, Heidi Janssen · 2026 · Smart Health
60. LLMSec: Context-aware security bug report prediction via relevance-guided rebalancing and LLM-derived embeddings
    Abhinav Jamwal, Kunal Bansal, Shreya Jain, Sandeep Kumar · 2026 · Journal of Systems and Software
61. Towards autonomous freight intermodal optimization via generative AI and agentic digital twins
    Haowen Xu, Yulin Sun, Jose Tupayachi, Olufemi A. Omitaomu, Sisi Zlatanova, Xueping Li · 2026 · Computers & Industrial Engineering