The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Doses of Neighborhood Nature: The Benefits for Mental Health of Living with Nature
Open accessAbstract
Experiences of nature provide many mental-health benefits, particularly for people living in urban areas. The natural characteristics of city residents’ neighborhoods are likely to be crucial determinants of the daily nature dose that they receive; however, which characteristics are important remains unclear. One possibility is that the greatest benefits are provided by characteristics that are most visible during the day and so most likely to be experienced by people. We demonstrate that of five neighborhood nature characteristics tested, vegetation cover and afternoon bird abundances were positively associated with a lower prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, dose–response modeling shows a threshold response at which the population prevalence of mental-health issues is significantly lower beyond minimum limits of neighborhood vegetation cover (depression more than 20% cover, anxiety more than 30% cover, stress more than 20% cover). Our findings demonstrate quantifiable associations of mental health with the characteristics of nearby nature that people actually experience.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach.
Guthery, F. S., Burnham, K. P., & Anderson, D. R. (2003) · The Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3802723 · Cited by 41,495
Dormann, C. F., Elith, J., Bacher, S., Buchmann, C., Carl, G., Carré, G., Marquéz, J. R. G., Gruber, B., Lafourcade, B., Leitão, P. J., et al. (2013) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07348.x · Cited by 9,998
The environment and disease: association or causation?
Hill, A. B. (2015) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/0141076814562718 · Cited by 7,285
The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation?
Hill, A. B. (1965) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/003591576505800503 · Cited by 6,974
The restorative benefits of nature: toward an integrative framework
Kaplan, S. (1995) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/0272-4944(95)90001-2 · Cited by 6,923
Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments
Ulrich, R. S., Simons, R. F., Losito, B. D., Fiorito, E., Miles, M. A., & Zelson, M. (1991) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80184-7 · Cited by 5,990
The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010
Wittchen, H. U., Jacobi, F., Rehm, J., Gustavsson, A., Svensson, M., Jönsson, B., Olesen, J., Allgulander, C., Alonso, J., Faravelli, C., et al. (2011) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018 · Cited by 3,754
Hartig, T., Mitchell, R., de Vries, S., & Frumkin, H. (2014) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182443 · Cited by 3,638
Promoting ecosystem and human health in urban areas using Green Infrastructure: A literature review
Tzoulas, K., Korpela, K., Venn, S., Yli-Pelkonen, V., Kaźmierczak, A., Niemela, J., & James, P. (2007) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.02.001 · Cited by 2,810
Tracking restoration in natural and urban field settings
Hartig, T., Evans, G. W., Jamner, L. D., Davis, D. S., & Gärling, T. (2003) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(02)00109-3 · Cited by 2,118
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Rock, 2005, Urban gulls: Problems and solutions, British Birds, 98, 338
Cited by
Associations between nature exposure and health: a review of the evidence
Jimenez, M. P., DeVille, N. V., Elliott, E. G., Schiff, J. E., Wilt, G. E., Hart, J. E., & James, P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094790 · Cited by 726
Aerts, R., Honnay, O., & Van Nieuwenhuyse, A. (2018) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldy021 · Cited by 521
Soga, M., Evans, M. J., Tsuchiya, K., & Fukano, Y. (2021) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.2248 · Cited by 389
Urban Nature Experiences Reduce Stress in the Context of Daily Life Based on Salivary Biomarkers
Hunter, M. R., Gillespie, B. W., & Chen, S. Y.-P. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00722 · Cited by 358
Wood, E., Harsant, A., Dallimer, M., Cronin de Chavez, A., McEachan, R. R. C., & Hassall, C. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02320 · Cited by 348
Metadata
- Authors
- Cox, D. T. C., Shanahan, D. F., Hudson, H. L., Plummer, K. E., Siriwardena, G. M., Fuller, R. A., Anderson, K., Hancock, S., & Gaston, K. J.
- Venue
- BioScience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-01-25
- Pages
- biw173
- ISSN
- 0006-3568 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-3244
- OpenAlex
- W2582430541
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 53
- FWCI
- 18.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- Funders
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability project, Natural Environment Research Council (NE/J015237/1)
- Australian Research Council Discovery (DP120102857)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Doses of Neighborhood Nature: The Benefits for Mental Health of Living with Nature. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/biosci/biw173
- The paper
- Cox, D. T. C., Shanahan, D. F., Hudson, H. L., Plummer, K. E., Siriwardena, G. M., Fuller, R. A., Anderson, K., Hancock, S., & Gaston, K. J. (2017). Doses of Neighborhood Nature: The Benefits for Mental Health of Living with Nature. BioScience. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw173
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.