The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children of Developing Countries
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections cause four and a half million deaths among children every year, the overwhelming majority occurring in developing countries. Pneumonia unassociated with measles causes 70% of these deaths; post-measles pneumonia, 15%; pertussis, 10%; and bronchiolitis and croup syndromes, 5%. Both bacterial and viral pathogens are responsible for these deaths. The most important bacterial agents are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The data on bacterial etiology of pneumonia during the first 3 months of life are limited, and almost no information on the role of chlamydia and pertussis in this age period is available. The distribution of viral pathogens in developing countries can be summarized as follows: respiratory syncytial virus, 15%-20%; parainfluenza viruses, 7%-10%; and influenza A and B viruses and adenovirus, 2%-4%. Mixed viral and bacterial infections occur frequently. Risk factors that increase the incidence and severity of lower respiratory infection in developing countries include large family size, lateness in the birth order, crowding, low birth weight, malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, lack of breast feeding, pollution, and young age. Effective interventions for prevention and medical case management are urgently needed to save the lives of many children predisposed to severe disease.
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Cites
EVIDENCE FOR PROTECTION BY BREAST-FEEDING AGAINST INFANT DEATHS FROM INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN BRAZIL
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Selwyn, B. J. (1990) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_s870 · Cited by 367
Etiology of severe pneumonia in children in developing countries
SHANN, F. (1986) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-198603000-00017 · Cited by 348
PROSPECTIVE STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF BREAST FEEDING ON INCIDENCE OF INFECTION AND ALLERGY
CHANDRA, R. K. (1979) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb18439.x · Cited by 315
AETIOLOGY OF PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN IN GOROKA HOSPITAL, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
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Vitamin A supplements and mortality related to measles: A randomised clinical trial
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Parental smoking and respiratory illness in infancy
Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Shannon, F. T. (1980) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.55.5.358 · Cited by 145
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Involuntary Smoking and Incidence of Respiratory Illness During the First Year of Life
Pedreira, F. A., Guandolo, V. L., Feroli, E. J., Mella, G. W., Weiss, I. P., Marva, S., & DeFayette, H. (1985) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.75.3.594 · Cited by 134
Cited by
Hypovitaminosis D in developing countries—prevalence, risk factors and outcomes
Arabi, A., El Rassi, R., & El-Hajj Fuleihan, G. (2010) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.146 · Cited by 353
Ezzati, M., & Kammen, D. M. (2001) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.01109481 · Cited by 316
Effects of upper respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Collinson, J., Nicholson, K. G., Cancio, E., Ashman, J., Ireland, D. C., Hammersley, V, Kent, J., & O'Callaghan, C. (1996) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.51.11.1115 · Cited by 173
Schiff, G. M., & Sherwood, J. R. (2000) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/315176 · Cited by 87
Strand, T. A., Hollingshead, S. K., Julshamn, K., Briles, D. E., Blomberg, B., & Sommerfelt, H. (2003) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2009-2013.2003 · Cited by 44
Metadata
- Authors
- Berman, S.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-05-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- Supplement_6
- Pages
- S454-S462
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2017308921
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 22
- FWCI
- 8.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children of Developing Countries. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_6.s454
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- Berman, S. (1991). Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children of Developing Countries. Clinical Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_6.s454
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
