Animal-Associated Opportunistic Infections Among Persons Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Abstract
A number of animal-associated infections occur in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including those due to Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, Microsporida, Salmonella, Campylo-bacter, Giardia, Rhodococcus equi, Rochalimaea, and Listeria monocytogenes. Most of these infections, with the exception of those due to Rochalimaea, appear to be acquired by the immunosuppressed individual from sources other than exposure to animals. Drs. Glaser and colleagues review our current understanding of the role of exposure to animals, especially pets, in the natural history of these opportunistic infections. They suggest that the risk of zoonotic transmission is small and offer practical suggestions designed to reduce this low risk. They conclude that the benefits of animal companionship outweigh the risks to patients and that prohibition of pet ownership by individuals infected with HIV is not warranted.
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Patient surveys and epidemiologic studies suggest that the occurrence of pet-associated disease is low overall.
“Patient surveys and epidemiologic studies on the topic suggest that the occurrence of pet associated disease is low overall. 1,8”
From Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections (2015) · cites this paper as [8]
Toxoplasmosis is of greatest concern in previously non-immune pregnant women and immunocompromised patients, regardless of exposure status; in such patients, congenital defects and encephalitis or meningitis can occur.
“Toxoplasmosis is of greatest concern in previously non-immune pregnant women and immunocompromised patients, regardless of exposure status; in such patients, congenital defects and encephalitis or meningitis can occur. 5,8”
From Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections (2015) · cites this paper as [8]
Recommendations for animal ownership and contact have been published for patients in high-risk groups.
“Recommendations for animal ownership and contact have been published for patients in highrisk groups, 5,8,28-35”
From Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections (2015) · cites this paper as [8]
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Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections
Stull, J. W., Brophy, J., & Weese, J. S. (2015) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.141020 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Kagambèga, A., Lienemann, T., Aulu, L., Traoré, A. S., Barro, N., Siitonen, A., & Haukka, K. (2013) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-253 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Prevalence of Enteric Pathogens in Dogs of North-Central Colorado
Hackett, T., & Lappin, M. R. (2003) · Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association · doi:10.5326/0390052 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Vecchiarelli, A., Monari, C., Baldelli, F., Pietrella, D., Retini, C., Tascini, C., Francisci, D., & Bistoni, F. (1995) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/171.6.1448 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
General concepts in zoonotic disease control
Lappin, M. R. (2005) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2004.08.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Glaser, C. A., Angulo, F. J., & Rooney, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Glaser, C. A.
- ORCID
- Angulo, F. J.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1994-01-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-24
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2118212628
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (4-785939-31143-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH-19105, T32MH019105)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Keywords
- HIV, opportunistic infections, zoonotic transmission, animal contact, PET, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, Microsporida, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, Rhodococcus equi, Listeria monocytogenes, immunosuppression, pet ownership, infection control
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Campylobacter Infections, Corynebacterium Infections, Cryptococcosis, Cryptosporidiosis, Giardiasis, Humans, Listeriosis, Salmonella Infections, Salmonella Infections, Animal, Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasmosis, Animal, Zoonoses, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection, Microsporidiosis, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
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