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Herbivorous Caterpillars Can Utilize Three Mechanisms to Alter Green Leaf Volatile Emission
Open accessAbstract
Green plants emit green leaf volatiles (GLVs) as a general damage response. These compounds act as signals for the emitter plant, neighboring plants, and even for insects in the ecosystem. However, when oral secretions from certain caterpillars are applied to wounded leaves, GLV emissions are significantly decreased or modified. We examined four caterpillar species representing two lepidopteran families for their capacity to decrease GLV emissions from Zea mays leaf tissue. We also investigated the source of the GLV modifying components in the alimentary tract of the various caterpillars. In Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), we found three distinct mechanisms to modify GLV emission: a heat-stable compound in the gut, a heat-labile enzyme in salivary gland homogenate (previously described in Bombyx mori (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), and an isomerase in the salivary gland homogenate, which catalyzes the conversion of (Z)-3-hexenal to (E)-2-hexenal (previously described in M. sexta). These mechanisms employed by caterpillars to suppress or modify GLV emission suggest a counteraction against the induced indirect volatile defenses of a plant and provides further insights into the ecological functions of GLVs.
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“Because herbivores and pathogens may interfere with the production of defense compounds at many levels, including in the final steps of biosynthesis (Jones et al., 2019), integrating them directly into regulatory feedback loops may allow plants to more accurately monitor and adjust defense accumulation.”
From Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defenses, Regulators, and Primary Metabolites: The Blurred Functional Trichotomy (2020) · cites this paper as Jones et al., 2019
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Metadata
- Authors
- Jones, A. C., Seidl-Adams, I., Engelberth, J., Hunter, C. T., Alborn, H., & Tumlinson, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jones, Anne C
- Venue
- Environmental Entomology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-01-19
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 419-425
- ISSN
- 0046-225X (ISSN-L)
- 1938-2936
- OpenAlex
- W2910912541
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Environmental Entomology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Stephenson Lab
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2017–06899)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Keywords
- green leaf volatiles, oral secretions, salivary enzymes, (Z)-3-hexenal, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Trichoplusia ni, Manduca sexta, maize, plant defense signaling, indirect plant defense, plant-insect interactions
- MeSH terms
- Aldehydes, Animals, Zea mays, Isomerases, Larva, Moths, Salivary Glands, Plant Leaves, Volatile Organic Compounds, Herbivory
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