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Cited by 105Viral Infections and Immunology ResearchCardiovascular Function and Risk FactorsCardiac Imaging and Diagnostics

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Myocardial oedema in acute myocarditis detected by echocardiographic 2D myocardial deformation analysis

Løgstrup, B.B., Nielsen, J.M., Kim, W.Y., Poulsen, S.H.·2016·European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging
DOI 10.1093/ehjci/jev302
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Abstract

AIMS: The clinical diagnosis of acute myocarditis is based on symptoms, electrocardiography, elevated myocardial necrosis biomarkers, and echocardiography. Often, conventional echocardiography reveals no obvious changes in global cardiac function and therefore has limited diagnostic value. Myocardial deformation imaging by echocardiography is an evolving method used to characterize quantitatively longitudinal systolic function, which may be affected in acute myocarditis. The aim of our study was to assess the utility of echocardiographic deformation imaging of the left ventricle in patients with diagnosed acute myocarditis in whom cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) evaluation was performed. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 28 consecutive patients (mean age 32 ± 13 years) with CMR-verified diagnosis of acute myocarditis according to the Lake Louise criteria. Cardiac function was evaluated by a comprehensive assessment of left ventricular (LV) function, including 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography. We found no significant correlation between the peak values of cardiac enzymes and the amount of myocardial oedema assessed by CMR (troponin: r= 0.3; P = 0.05 and CK-MB: r = 0.1; P = 0.3). We found a larger amount of myocardial oedema in the basal part of the left ventricle [American Heart Association (AHA) segments 1-6] in inferolateral and inferior segments, compared with the anterior, anterolateral, anteroseptal, and inferoseptal segments. In the mid LV segments (AHA segments 7-12), this was more pronounced in the anterior, anterolateral, and inferolateral segments. Among conventional echocardiographic parameters, LV function was not found to correlate with the amount of myocardial oedema of the left ventricle. In contrast, we found the wall motion score index to be significantly correlated with the amount of myocardial oedema, but this correlation was only present in patients with an extensive amount of oedema (>11% of the total left ventricle). Global longitudinal systolic myocardial strain correlated significantly with the amount of oedema (r = 0.65; P < 0.001). We found that both the epicardial longitudinal and the endocardial longitudinal systolic strains were significantly correlated with oedema (r = 0.55; P = 0.003 and r = 0.54; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients with acute myocarditis, 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography was a useful tool in the diagnostic process of acute myocarditis. Global longitudinal strain adds important information that can support clinical and conventional echocardiographic evaluation, especially in patients with preserved LV ejection fraction in relation to the diagnosis and degree of myocardial dysfunction.

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Metadata

Authors
Løgstrup, B. B., Nielsen, J. M., Kim, W. Y., & Poulsen, S. H.
Affiliations
Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
Corresponding author
Løgstrup, B.B.
ORCID
Venue
European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2015-11-20
Volume
17
Issue
9
Pages
1018-1026
ISSN
  • 2047-2404 (ISSN-L)
  • 2047-2412
DOI
10.1093/ehjci/jev302
OpenAlex
W2285375100
Cited by
105
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3
FWCI
2.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Keywords
acute myocarditis, myocardial edema, speckle tracking echocardiography, myocardial deformation, left ventricular systolic function, myocardial strain, wall motion score index, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, troponin, CK-MB, Lake Louise criteria, myocardial necrosis biomarkers
MeSH terms
Acute Disease, Adult, Echocardiography, Edema, Cardiac, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Myocarditis, Prospective Studies, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Observer Variation, Confidence Intervals, Logistic Models, Statistics, Nonparametric, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Gadolinium DTPA, Young Adult

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