Structural organization of authentic, mature HIV‐1 virions and cores
Open accessAbstract
Mature, infectious HIV-1 particles contain a characteristic cone-shaped core that encases the viral RNA and replication proteins. The architectures of mature virions and isolated cores were studied using cryo-electron microscopy. The average size ( approximately 145 nm) of the virion was unchanged during maturation. Most virions contained a single core but roughly one-third contained two or more cores. Consideration of the capsid protein concentration during core assembly indicated that core formation in vivo is template-mediated rather than concentration-driven. Although most cores were conical, 7% were tubular. These displayed a stacked-disc arrangement with 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-fold axial symmetry. Layer line filtration of these images showed that the capsid subunit arrangement is consistent with a 9.6 nm hexamer resembling that previously seen in the helical tubes assembled from purified capsid protein. A common reflection (1/3.2 nm) shared between the tubular and conical cores suggested they share a similar organization. The extraordinary flexibility observed in the assembly of the mature core appears to be well suited to accommodating variation and hence there may be no single structure for the infectious virion.
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These assemblies have dimensions consistent with the 100 A hexameric lattice spacing observed in cores isolated from mature virions.
“These assemblies have dimensions consistent with the 100 A ˚hexameric lattice spacing observed in cores isolated from mature virions”
From Retrovirus maturation-an extraordinary structural transformation (2016) · cites this paper as [47]
The mature CA lattice has a hexamer-hexamer spacing larger than that seen in the immature virus particle.
“The mature CA lattice has a hexamer-hexamer spacing larger than that seen in the immature virus particle”
From Retrovirus maturation-an extraordinary structural transformation (2016) · cites this paper as [47]
Different retroviruses adopt distinct core geometries, and the cores within a single virus preparation can also vary in morphology.
“Different retroviruses adopt distinct core geometries, and the cores within a single virus preparation can also vary in morphology”
From Retrovirus maturation-an extraordinary structural transformation (2016) · cites this paper as [47]
Only approximately two thirds of the CA molecules within the immature lattice are used to assemble the mature core.
“only approximately two thirds of the CA molecules within immature lattice are used to assemble the mature core [47,83,84].”
From Retrovirus maturation-an extraordinary structural transformation (2016) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- Briggs, J. A. G., Wilk, T., Welker, R., Kräusslich, H., & Fuller, S. D.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Human Genetics (GB)
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Fuller, Stephen D.
- ORCID
- Briggs, John A. G.
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 2003-04-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1707-1715
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC152888
- OpenAlex
- W2076965602
- Cited by
- 496
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 7.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- University of Oxford
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Keywords
- HIV-1, viral core structure, virion maturation, capsid protein, core assembly, viral RNA, viral replication proteins
- MeSH terms
- Cell Line, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Virion, HIV-1
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