The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk stratification in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes: prospective evaluation of the combined use of coronary artery calcium imaging and selective myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
Abstract
AIMS: To determine the prevalence and clinical predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis and myocardial ischaemia in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes and assess their relationship to short-term outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Established risk factors and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were prospectively measured in 510 asymptomatic type 2 diabetic subjects (mean age 53+/-8 years, 61% males) without prior cardiovascular disease. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) was performed in all subjects with CAC > 100 Agatston units (AU) (n=127), and a random sample of the remaining patients with CAC < or = 100 AU (n=53). Significant CAC (> 10 AU) was found in 46.3%. Twenty events occurred (two coronary deaths, nine non-fatal myocardial infarctions, three acute coronary syndromes, three non-haemorrhagic strokes, and three late revascularisations) during a median follow-up of 2.2 years (25th-75th percentile = 1.9-2.5 years). The age, systolic blood pressure, the duration of diabetes, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study risk score, CAC score, and extent of myocardial perfusion abnormality were significant predictors of time to cardiovascular events in a univariable Cox proportional hazard model. No cardiac events or perfusion abnormalities occurred in subjects with CAC < or = 10 AU up until 2 years of follow-up. CAC and MPS findings were synergistic for the prediction of short-term cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION: Subclinical atherosclerosis, measured by CAC imaging, is superior to the established cardiovascular risk factors for predicting silent myocardial ischaemia and short-term outcome. Further studies evaluating the impact of CAC imaging on clinical outcomes and its cost effectiveness are warranted.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“An even higher prevalence of CAD was found in an autopsy study of asymptomatic decedents with diabetes.385”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [385]
In the citing paper
“In prospective studies, coronary artery calcium has been established as an independent predictor of future ASCVD events in people with diabetes and is consistently superior to both the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk engine and the Framingham Risk Score in predicting risk in this population (175 -177).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [177]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Haffner, S. M., Lehto, S., Rönnemaa, T., Pyörälä, K., & Laakso, M. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199807233390404 · Cited by 7,000
Stamler, J., Vaccaro, O., Neaton, J. D., Wentworth, D., & The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.2.434 · Cited by 4,063
Beckman, J. A., Creager, M. A., & Libby, P. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.19.2570 · Cited by 2,765
Greenland, P. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.2.210 · Cited by 1,825
Hachamovitch, R., Hayes, S. W., Friedman, J. D., Cohen, I., & Berman, D. S. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000072790.23090.41 · Cited by 1,556
Rumberger, J. A., Simons, D. B., Fitzpatrick, L. A., Sheedy, P. F., & Schwartz, R. S. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.8.2157 · Cited by 1,455
The UKPDS risk engine: a model for the risk of coronary heart disease in Type II diabetes (UKPDS 56)
STEVENS, R. J., KOTHARI, V., ADLER, A. I., & STRATTON, I. M. (2001) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20000335 · Cited by 1,084
Arad, Y., Goodman, K. J., Roth, M., Newstein, D., & Guerci, A. D. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.02.088 · Cited by 982
Shaw, L. J., Raggi, P., Schisterman, E. F., Berman, D. S., & Callister, T. Q. (2003) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2283021006 · Cited by 884
Self-citationDetection of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetic Subjects
Wackers, F. J. T., Young, L. H., Inzucchi, S. E., Chyun, D. A., Davey, J. A., Barrett, E. J., Taillefer, R., Wittlin, S. D., Heller, G. V., Filipchuk, N., et al. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.8.1954 · Cited by 791
Taylor, A. J., Bindeman, J., Feuerstein, I. M., Cao, F., Brazaitis, M. P., & O’Malley, P. G. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.049 · Cited by 629
Prognostic value of coronary artery calcium screening in subjects with and without diabetes
Raggi, P., Shaw, L. J., Berman, D. S., & Callister, T. Q. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2003.09.068 · Cited by 608
Self-citationMyocardial perfusion scintigraphy: the evidence
Underwood, S. R., Anagnostopoulos, C., Cerqueira, M., Ell, P. J., Flint, E. J., Harbinson, M., Kelion, A. D., Al‐Mohammad, A., Prvulovich, E. M., Shaw, L. J., et al. (2003) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-003-1344-5 · Cited by 481
Self-citationBerman, D. S., Wong, N. D., Gransar, H., Miranda-Peats, R., Dahlbeck, J., Hayes, S. W., Friedman, J. D., Kang, X., Polk, D. M., Hachamovitch, R., et al. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.06.042 · Cited by 435
Self-citationRadiation Exposure during Cardiac CT: Effective Doses at Multi–Detector Row CT and Electron-Beam CT
Hunold, P., VOGT, F. M., Schmermund, A., Debatin, J. F., Kerkhoff, G., Budde, T., Erbel, R. M., Ewen, K., & Barkhausen, J. (2003) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2261011365 · Cited by 405
He, Z., Hedrick, T. D., Pratt, C. M., Verani, M. S., Aquino, V., Roberts, R., & Mahmarian, J. J. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.101.3.244 · Cited by 357
American Diabetes Association (1998) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.21.9.1551 · Cited by 326
Prevention Conference VI: Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Howard, B. V., Rodríguez, B. L., Bennett, P. H., Harris, M. I., Hamman, R. F., Kuller, L. H., Pearson, T. A., & Wylie‐Rosett, J. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000013953.41667.09 · Cited by 307
Grundy, S. M., Howard, B. V., Smith, S. R., Eckel, R. H., Redberg, R. F., & Bonow, R. O. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000013952.86046.dd · Cited by 283
Rajagopalan, N., Miller, T. D., Hodge, D. O., Frye, R. L., & Gibbons, R. J. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.06.078 · Cited by 237
Zellweger, M. J. (2004) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ehj.2004.02.013 · Cited by 197
Increased Prevalence of Significant Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Diabetes
Mazzone, T. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.8.1508 · Cited by 182
Increased Prevalence of Significant Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients With Diabetes
Schurgin, S., Rich, S., & Mazzone, T. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.2.335 · Cited by 180
Rogers, W. J., Bourassa, M. G., Andrews, T. C., Bertolet, B. D., Blumenthal, R. S., CHAITMAN, B. R., Forman, S. A., Geller, N. L., Goldberg, A., Habib, G. B., et al. (1995) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0735-1097(95)00228-v · Cited by 169
Wong, N. D., Rozanski, A., Gransar, H., Miranda-Peats, R., Kang, X., Hayes, S. W., Shaw, L. J., Friedman, J. D., Polk, D. M., & Berman, D. S. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.6.1445 · Cited by 113
Self-citationYield of stress single-photon emission computed tomography in asymptomatic patients with diabetes
Miller, T. D., Rajagopalan, N., Hodge, D. O., Frye, R. L., & Gibbons, R. J. (2004) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.08.015 · Cited by 103
Anand, D. V., Lim, E., Raval, U., Lipkin, D. P., & Lahiri, A. (2004) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.nuclcard.2004.06.125 · Cited by 103
Self-citationQu, W., Le, T. T., Azen, S. P., Xiang, M., Wong, N. D., Doherty, T. M., & Detrano, R. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.3.905 · Cited by 95
Knez, A., Becker, C. R., Becker, A., Leber, A. W., White, C. W., Reiser, M. F., & Steinbeck, G. (2002) · International journal of cardiac imaging · doi:10.1023/a:1015536705455 · Cited by 94
Cabin, H. S., & Roberts, W. C. (1982) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(82)91218-8 · Cited by 69
Elkeles, R. S., Feher, M. D., Flather, M. D., Godsland, I. F., Nugara, F., Richmond, W., Rubens, M., & Wang, D. (2004) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01409.x · Cited by 58
Callister, T. Q., Janowitz, W. R., & Raggi, P. (2000) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.175.6.1751743 · Cited by 47
Beller, G., & Zaret, B. L. (1999) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s1071-3581(99)90070-3 · Cited by 34
Nuclear cardiology and electron-beam computed tomography: competitive or complementary?
Berman, D. S., Schisterman, E. F., Miranda, R., Friedman, J. D., Hayes, S. W., Lewin, H. C., & Germano, G. (2001) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01784-2 · Cited by 13
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease
Task Force Members, Montalescot, G., Sechtem, U., Achenbach, S., Andreotti, F., Arden, C., Budaj, A., Bugiardini, R., Crea, F., Cuisset, T., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht296 · Cited by 4,510
Authors Task Force Members, Rydén, L., Grant, P. J., Anker, S. D., Berne, C., Cosentino, F., Danchin, N., Deaton, C., Escaned, J., Hammes, H., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht108 · Cited by 1,994
2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults
Greenland, P., Alpert, J. S., Beller, G. A., Benjamin, E. J., Budoff, M. J., Fayad, Z. A., Foster, E., Hlatky, M. A., Hodgson, J. M., Kushner, F. G., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182051b4c · Cited by 1,976
Self-citation2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes.
Marx, N., Federici, M., Schütt, K., Müller-Wieland, D., Ajjan, R. A., Antunes, M. J., Christodorescu, R. M., Crawford, C., Di Angelantonio, E., Eliasson, B., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad192 · Cited by 1,642
Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease by Cardiac Computed Tomography
Budoff, M. J., Achenbach, S. S., Blumenthal, R. S., Carr, J. J., Goldin, J. G., Greenland, P., Guerci, A. D., Lima, J. A. C., Rader, D. J., Rubin, G. D., et al. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.178458 · Cited by 1,400
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Anand, D. V., Lim, E., Hopkins, D., Corder, R., Shaw, L. J., Sharp, P., Lipkin, D., & Lahiri, A.
- Affiliations
- The Wellington Hospital (GB)
- King's College Hospital (GB)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
- Northwick Park Hospital (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Anand, Dhakshinamurthy Vijay
- Venue
- European Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-02-23
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 713-721
- ISSN
- 0195-668X (ISSN-L)
- 1522-9645
- OpenAlex
- W2141506620
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 27.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, coronary artery calcium, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, subclinical atherosclerosis, silent myocardial ischemia, cardiovascular risk stratification, cardiovascular events, Agatston score, asymptomatic diabetic patients
- MeSH terms
- Calcinosis, Coronary Vessels, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Radionuclide Imaging, Risk Factors, Myocardial Ischemia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
