Skeletal muscle hypertrophy following resistance training is accompanied by a fiber type-specific increase in satellite cell content in elderly men
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We determined muscle fiber type-specific hypertrophy and changes in satellite cell (SC) content following a 12-week resistance training program in 13 healthy, elderly men (72 +/- 2 years). Leg strength and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography) were assessed, and muscle biopsy samples were collected. Leg strength increased 25%-30% after training (p < .001). Leg lean mass and quadriceps cross-sectional area increased 6%-9% (p < .001). At baseline, mean fiber area and SC content were smaller in the Type II versus Type I muscle fibers (p < .01). Following training, Type II muscle fiber area increased from 5,438 +/- 319 to 6,982 +/- 503 microm(2) (p < .01). Type II muscle fiber SC content increased from 0.048 +/- 0.003 to 0.084 +/- 0.008 SCs per fiber (p < .001). No changes were observed in the Type I muscle fibers. In older adults, skeletal muscle tissue is still capable of inducing SC proliferation and differentiation, resulting in Type II muscle fiber hypertrophy.
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The regenerative deficit in older animals can be substantially reduced by exposing them to the circulation of a younger genetically identical animal in parabiosis experiments.
“and this deficit can be substantially reduced in parabiotic experiments when older animals are exposed, by cross-transfusion of blood, to the circulation of a genetically identical younger animal.29-31”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [29]
Muscle repair mechanisms are dysfunctional in older individuals.
“To retain their anatomical integrity and function, muscles need continuous repair and maintenance, and some evidence exists that the repair mechanism is dysfunctional in older individuals.”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [29]
In rodents, older mice have impaired muscle regenerative capacity due to reduced satellite cell proliferation and differentiation.
“For example, in rodent studies, older (aged 19–25 months) compared with younger (aged 3–8 months) mice show impaired muscle regenerative capacity due to reduced satellite cell proliferation and differentiation,”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [29]
Resistance exercise specifically promotes hypertrophy in type II muscle fibers, while not significantly affecting type I fibers.
“Resistance exercise has been found to specifically promote hypertrophy in type II muscle fibers, while not significantly affecting type I fibers.”
From Diet and physical exercise as key players to tackle MASLD through improvement of insulin resistance and metabolic flexibility (2024) · cites this paper as [85]
Resistance exercise increases expression of GLUT-4 in type II fibers and enhances intracellular insulin sensitivity.
“Additionally, resistance exercise has been shown to increase the expression of GLUT-4 in type II fibers and enhance intracellular insulin sensitivity (84–87).”
From Diet and physical exercise as key players to tackle MASLD through improvement of insulin resistance and metabolic flexibility (2024) · cites this paper as [85]
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References 45 · Cited by 372
Research works printed but not linked: 5
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- Authors
- Verdijk, L. B., Gleeson, B. G., Jonkers, R. A. M., Meijer, K., Savelberg, H. H. C. M., Dendale, P., & van Loon, L. J. C.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-02-05
- Volume
- 64A
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 332-339
- ISSN
- 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-535X
- PMC
- PMC2655000
- OpenAlex
- W2109534726
- Cited by
- 372
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 8.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universiteit Maastricht
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- resistance training, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, satellite cells, muscle fiber type, older men, leg strength, lean body mass, fast-twitch muscle, muscle fiber area, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Anthropometry, Biopsy, Needle, Body Composition, Humans, Hypertrophy, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Probability, Reference Values, Sampling Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Absorptiometry, Photon, Diet Records, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training
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