Cited by 301Reproductive Health and TechnologiesReproductive Biology and FertilityOvarian function and disorders

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Increased risk of early pregnancy loss by profound suppression of luteinizing hormone during ovarian stimulation in normogonadotrophic women undergoing assisted reproduction

Westergaard, L. G.·2000·Human Reproduction

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Abstract

The impact of suppressed concentrations of circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) during ovarian stimulation on the outcome of in-vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment in 200 consecutive, normogonadotrophic women (couples) was analysed retrospectively. A standard stimulation protocol with mid-luteal gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist down-regulation and ovarian stimulation with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was used in all cases. Blood was sampled from each woman on stimulation days 1 and 8 for analysis of oestradiol and LH in serum. A threshold value of serum LH of 0.5 IU/l on stimulation day 8 (S8) was chosen to discriminate between women with low or 'normal' LH concentrations. Low concentrations of LH on S8 (<0.5 IU/l) were found in 49% (98/200) of the women. This group of women was comparable with the normal LH group with regard to pre-treatment clinical parameters, and to the parameters characterizing the stimulation protocol with the exception of serum oestradiol concentration, which on S8 was significantly lower than in the normal LH group (P < 0.001). The proportion of positive pregnancy tests was similar in the two groups (30% versus 34% per started cycle), but the final clinical treatment outcome was significantly different, with a five-fold higher risk of early pregnancy loss (45% versus 9%; P < 0.005) in the low LH group and consequently a significantly poorer chance of delivery than in the normal LH group. It is concluded that a substantial proportion of normogonadotrophic women treated with GnRH agonist down-regulation in combination with FSH, devoid of LH activity, experience LH suppression, which compromises the treatment outcome. Whether these women would benefit from supplementation with recombinant LH or human menopausal gonadotrophin during ovarian stimulation, remains to be proven in the future by prospective randomized trials.

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Authors: Westergaard, L. G.
Affiliations: Odense University Hospital (DK)
Corresponding author: Westergaard, L. G.
Venue: Human Reproduction
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2000-05-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Pages: 1003-1008
ISSN: 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
1460-2350
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/15.5.1003
OpenAlex: W2131053749
Cited by: 301
References: 15
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 15.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Keywords: luteinizing hormone suppression, early pregnancy loss, ovulation induction, in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, GnRH agonist down-regulation, recombinant FSH, estradiol
MeSH terms: Abortion, Spontaneous, Adult, Estradiol, Female, Fertilization in Vitro, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Gonadotropins, Humans, Luteinizing Hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Luteal Phase, Ovary, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, Recombinant Proteins, Reference Values, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

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Increased risk of early pregnancy loss by profound suppression of luteinizing hormone during ovarian stimulation in normogonadotrophic women undergoing assisted reproduction

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