Cited by 151International Relations and Foreign PolicyGlobal Peace and Security DynamicsPeacebuilding and International Security

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

After liberal world order

Duncombe, Constance, Dunne, Tim·2018·International Affairs

DOI 10.1093/ia/iix234

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In recent years claims about the end times of the liberal world order have gathered force, with the talk of order giving way to disruption. While there are different accounts of these disruptive dynamics and their causes, it is nevertheless a rare moment in International Relations when all mainstream theories concur that the hegemony of the liberal world order is over and that there is considerable uncertainty about the global architecture that will take its place. Yet claiming that the liberal world order is in trouble is just a starting-point—a deeper account is needed to show how each interrelated element ‘hangs together’. We examine two interrelated patterns to liberal world ordering—internationalism and imperialism. After unpacking each of these interrelated ideas which constitute liberal world order, the narrative will focus on the politics and practice of humanitarianism. Humanitarianism is, of course, deeply intertwined with liberal assumptions about an ethic of care for peoples who are either at risk of, or worse still suffering from, large-scale natural disasters and politically-induced atrocities. Our inference is that the condition of humanitarianism provides a good indication of the state of the liberal world order—its limits and possibilities.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/ia/iix234

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Challenges to the Liberal Order: Reflections on International Organization
Lake, D. A., Martin, L. L., & Risse, T. (2021) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818320000636 · Cited by 547
“See different interpretations in Acharya 2014; Duncombe and Dunne 2018; Ikenberry 2012, 2018; Jahn 2018; Reus-Smit 2013.”
Background
Let's talk about the interregnum: Gramsci and the crisis of the liberal world order
Babić, M. (2020) · International Affairs · doi:10.1093/ia/iiz254 · Cited by 170
Right-wing populism with Chinese characteristics? Identity, otherness and global imaginaries in debating world politics online
Zhang, C. (2019) · European Journal of International Relations · doi:10.1177/1354066119850253 · Cited by 181
Is this the end? Resilience, ontological security, and the crisis of the liberal international order
Flockhart, T. (2020) · Contemporary Security Policy · doi:10.1080/13523260.2020.1723966 · Cited by 96
“Today, the liberal international order is widely believed once again to be in crisis and its foundations to be contested (Duncombe & Dunne, 2018; Ikenberry, 2009, 2018; Mearsheimer, 2019), but where previous contestations and crises were ultimately productive in the sense that they led to…”
Background
An Epochal Moment? The COVID‐19 Pandemic and China's International Order Building
Smith, N. R., & Fallon, T. (2020) · World Affairs · doi:10.1177/0043820020945395 · Cited by 52
“The cracking of this international order has been, in part, self-inflicted as the United States engaged in disastrous wars in Afghanistan and Iraq as well as numerous other foreign policy blunders (Duncombe and Dunne 2018).”
Background
Turkish Foreign Policy in a Changing World Order
OĞUZLU, H. T. (2019) · All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace · doi:10.20991/allazimuth.464076 · Cited by 49
Is covid-19 a liberal democratic curse? Risks for liberal international order
Norrlöf, C. (2020) · Cambridge Review of International Affairs · doi:10.1080/09557571.2020.1812529 · Cited by 43
“Scholars working on the LIO have however tended to see pre-pandemic crises as a crisis of authority (Ikenberry 2015), liberal order (Duncombe and Dunne 2018; Walt 2018; Mearsheimer 2019), inclusion (Acharya 2014; Nye 2017) and inequality (Norrl€of 2018) rather than the inevitable failure of liberal…”
Background
The Dynamics of the Current Global Restructuring and Contemporary Framework of the US–China Trade War
Vlados, C. M. (2020) · Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies · doi:10.1177/0974910119896636 · Cited by 33
Filling the void: The Asia-Pacific problem of order and emerging Indo-Pacific regional multilateralism
Wirth, C., & Jenne, N. (2022) · Contemporary Security Policy · doi:10.1080/13523260.2022.2036506 · Cited by 32
“…or rules-based, order has not been particularly liberal in the sense of embodying universal respect for democracy and civil liberties, sovereign equality, international law, and multilateral institutions, especially outside the “West’s” Euro–Atlantic core (Duncombe & Dunne, 2018; Jahn, 2018).”
BackgroundResult
Introduction to the Special Issue—China’s Belt and Road Initiative: the View from East Asia
Heiduk, F., & Sakaki, A. (2019) · East Asia · doi:10.1007/s12140-019-09312-y · Cited by 29
Populism and the liberal international order: An analysis of UN voting patterns
Destradi, S., & Vüllers, J. (2024) · The Review of International Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11558-024-09569-w · Cited by 27
“In the latter form, active promotion of liberal values abroad has been one of the most contentious aspects of the Western liberal world order, and the often illiberal practices of the US have arguably been one of the main drivers of the backlash against it (see Duncombe & Dunne, 2018).”
Mimicking the Mad Printer: Legislating Illiberalism in Post-Soviet Eurasia
Waller, J. G. (2021) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2021.1960863 · Cited by 29
“Since the end of the Cold War, liberal norms regarding gender and sexual identity, the movement of peoples, the secularization of society, and activist civic groups have been hegemonic across much of the globe (Duncombe and Dunne 2018; Keohane 2012; Vail 2017).”
Background
Change in or of global governance?
Barnett, M. (2020) · International Theory · doi:10.1017/s175297192000038x · Cited by 22
“11Ikenberry 2018; Nye 2017; Ferguson and Zakaria 2017; Duncombe and Dunne 2018; Deudney and Ikenberry 2018; Alcaro 2018; Mearsheimer 2019; Richardson 1997; Beate 2018; Grewal 2018. regardless of the definition the underlying fear is that its decline will hamper global governance and the ability to…”
Background
The International Responsibility to Protect in a Post-Liberal Order
Pattison, J. (2021) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isq/sqab081 · Cited by 20
Three Duties of Epistemic Diligence
Hayward, T. (2019) · Journal of Social Philosophy · doi:10.1111/josp.12319 · Cited by 16
Normative and Civilisational Regionalisms: The EU, Russia and their Common Neighbourhoods
Makarychev, A. S. (2018) · The International Spectator · doi:10.1080/03932729.2018.1483630 · Cited by 16
Women’s Rights and the Feminists’ “Dirty Plans”: Media Discourses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia
Andreeva, A., Drozhashchikh, N. V., & Nelaeva, G. A. (2020) · Affilia · doi:10.1177/0886109920960826 · Cited by 14
“…discourses are likely to persist in the public domain attracting more and more supporters in different parts of the world in the conditions of “the end-times of the liberal world order,” characterized by nationalism and the resurgence of populist groups (Duncombe & Dunne, 2018, p. 25).”
Background
Power Peace: The Resolution of the Syrian Conflict in a Post-Liberal Era of Peacemaking
Beaujouan, J. (2024) · Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding · doi:10.1080/17502977.2024.2371713 · Cited by 13
“According to Duncombe and Dunne ’ s, the failure of the international community to intervene in the humanitarian emergency signified the fragility of the liberal world order (2018).”
The importance of bona fide friendships to international politics: China’s quest for friendships that matter
Smith, N. R., & Fallon, T. (2022) · Cambridge Review of International Affairs · doi:10.1080/09557571.2022.2044757 · Cited by 12
“…’ bona fide friendships, even after Trump, this is still a point in time where many questions are being asked about the durability of the so-called liberal international order, especially as the US itself has seemingly lost its desire to continue to prop it up (Posen 2018; Duncombe and Dunne 2018).”
Background
The rules-based order as rhetorical entrapment: Comparing maritime dispute resolution in the Indo-Pacific
Strating, R. (2023) · Contemporary Security Policy · doi:10.1080/13523260.2023.2204266 · Cited by 11
Digital Norm Contestation and Feminist Foreign Policy
Aggestam, K., Rosamond, A. B., & Hedling, E. (2023) · International Studies Perspectives · doi:10.1093/isp/ekad017 · Cited by 11
The Empire of International Legalism
Hurd, I. (2018) · Ethics and International Affairs · doi:10.1017/s0892679418000394 · Cited by 8
Globalización y poder: la consolidación de la comunicación internacional como disciplina. Artículo de revisión
Sánchez, J. L. M. (2020) · El Profesional de la Informacion · doi:10.3145/epi.2020.ene.11 · Cited by 10
Order without Victory: International Order Theory Before and After Liberal Hegemony
McKeil, A. C. (2022) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isq/sqad002 · Cited by 12
“Negotiated Coexistence”: Indian and Chinese Engagement in the Global Governance of Peacebuilding
Adhikari, M. (2022) · International Studies Review · doi:10.1093/isr/viac012 · Cited by 9
Understanding Power (Shift) in East Asia: The Sino-US Narrative Battle about Leadership in the South China Sea
Weissmann, M. (2019) · Asian perspective · doi:10.1353/apr.2019.0009 · Cited by 9
From ‘the global’ to ‘the local’: the future of ‘cooperative orders’ in Central Eurasia in times of complexity
Korosteleva, E., & Petrova, I. (2020) · International Politics · doi:10.1057/s41311-020-00262-4 · Cited by 9
“This is manifest, for example, in a crisis of liberal international order (Mearsheimer 2019; Ikenberry 2018; Duncombe and Dunne 2018), the upsurge of populism and ‘petty trade wars’ between the established and rising powers (Cox 2017).”
Background
Racialised international order? Traces of ‘yellow peril’ trope in Germany’s public discourse toward China
Han, E., & Marwecki, D. (2020) · Cambridge Review of International Affairs · doi:10.1080/09557571.2020.1864296 · Cited by 9
“Thus, many such debates are about the durability of the post-World War II liberal international order established by the United States, hypothesising what a China-centred world that replaced it would look like (Callahan 2008; Duncombe and Dunne 2018; Ikenberry 2018; Layne 2018).”
Background
The Normativity of Global Ordering Practices
Schmidt, D., & Williams, J. A. (2023) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isq/sqad021 · Cited by 8
Knowledge production on peace: actors, hierarchies and policy relevance
Hellmüller, S., Goetschel, L., & Lidén, K. (2023) · International Affairs · doi:10.1093/ia/iiad187 · Cited by 8
The transformation of the world order: the evolutionary aspect
Лапкин, В. В. (2024) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2024.04.11 · Cited by 8
The global order, regional integration and multiculturally diverse stakeholders
Igwe, P. A., Lock, D., Ochinanwata, C., et al. (2020) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-10-2019-1896 · Cited by 8
Conceptualizing good global statehood: progressive foreign policy after the populist moment
Gilmore, J. (2022) · International Theory · doi:10.1017/s1752971922000057 · Cited by 8
“43See Kupchan and Trubowitz 2007; Duncombe and Dunne 2018.”
Background
Progressive and Regressive Securitisation: Covid, Russian Aggression and the Ethics of Security
Diez, T. (2023) · Central European Journal of International and Security Studies · doi:10.51870/pxrr4789 · Cited by 8
Contested Statehood in a Contested International Order: Furthering a Research Agenda
Knotter, L. (2024) · Global Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksae040 · Cited by 7
Represent and perform: mega events and Russia’s imageries
Makarychev, A. S., & Yatsyk, A. (2019) · International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics · doi:10.1080/19406940.2019.1673788 · Cited by 7
“To describe these different types of politics, we refer to the concept of post-liberalism (Chandler and Richmond 2015, Duncombe and Dunne 2018, Alcaro 2018), adjusting it to the field of mega-event industry, and having in mind a global tendency of its shifting away from the Western venues to new…”
Method
Transition and Regional Cooperation in Central Asia: What Can They Tell Us about the(Post-)Liberal World Order?
Pataccini, L., & Malikov, N. (2020) · Polity · doi:10.1086/708184 · Cited by 7
Mimicking the Mad Printer: Legislating Illiberalism in Post-Soviet EurasiaPreprint
Waller, J. G. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3836226 · Cited by 7
The Russian War Against Ukraine and Its Implications for the Future of Liberal Interventionism
Geis, A., & Schroeder, U. C. (2023) · Politics and Governance · doi:10.17645/pag.7348 · Cited by 6
“As Duncombe and Dunne (2018, p. 25) argued, it is “a rare moment in IR, in which all mainstream theories concur that the hegemony of the liberal world order is over.””
Background
State Borrowing and Global Responsibilities
Pattison, J. (2024) · Journal of Applied Philosophy · doi:10.1111/japp.12717 · Cited by 6
Developing Countries and the Crisis of the Liberal International Order
Hout, W., & Onderčo, M. (2022) · Politics and Governance · doi:10.17645/pag.v10i2.5491 · Cited by 6
“A variety of events and longer‐term processes have led many observers to argue that the multilateral order is in cri‐ sis due to a combination of internal and external fac‐ tors (cf. Duncombe & Dunne, 2018; Ikenberry, 2018).”
Background
The Resilience of the Multirelational Structure of Geopolitical Treaties is Critically Linked to Past Colonial World Order and Offshore Fiscal Havens
Sacco, P. L., Arenas, À., & Domenico, M. D. (2023) · Complexity · doi:10.1155/2023/5280604 · Cited by 6
Историческая динамика международной рыночной системы: циклы лидерства, геополитическая экспансия и перспективы трансформации мирового порядка
Лапкин, В. В., & Пантин, В. И. (2019) · История и современность · doi:10.30884/iis/2019.01.02 · Cited by 6
El cosmopolitismo urbano: la ciudad ante el orden postliberal
Sánchez, J. L. M. (2020) · Relaciones Internacionales · doi:10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2020.44.002 · Cited by 7
Using the English School to Understand Current Issues in World Politics
Parrat, C. F., & Spandler, K. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56055-3_10 · Cited by 6
Conflict and Emergency Management in a Post-Liberal World
Sapaty, P. S. (2019) · International Relations and Diplomacy · doi:10.17265/2328-2134/2019.01.003 · Cited by 5
“There is growing number of investigations, new ideas, and other publications in this emerging area (Pabst, 2017; Duncombe, 2018; Ikenberry, 2018).”
Background
Russia in the liberal world order
David, M., & Deyermond, R. (2021) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781351006262-43 · Cited by 5
Трансформации политических пространств в условиях перехода к полицентричному миропорядку
Пантин, В. И., & Лапкин, В. В. (2018) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2018.06.04 · Cited by 5
Climate Politics and the Crisis of the Liberal International Order
Albuquerque, F. L. (2021) · Contexto Internacional · doi:10.1590/s0102-8529.2019430200002 · Cited by 8
The Impacts of Executive Responses on Democracy During the Coronavirus Crisis in Croatia, Slovenia and Austria
Butković, H. (2021) · Mezinárodní vztahy · doi:10.32422/cjir.49 · Cited by 5
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals in a Neoliberal World
Carter, L., & Smith, C. (2023) · Education for sustainability · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3802-5_3 · Cited by 5
Order-Making through Contestations: The Liberal International Order and Its Many (Co-)Authors
Risse, T. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198924241.003.0006 · Cited by 6
The European Union and the Liberal International Order in the Age of ‘America First’: Attempted Hedging and the Willingness-Capacity Gap
Didier, B. (2021) · Journal of Contemporary European Research · doi:10.30950/jcer.v16i3.1097 · Cited by 4
“…principles (most notably free trade, human rights and democracy promotion), it has also led the LIO into a ‘crisis of authority’ (Ikenberry 2018: 10; Duncombe and Dunne 2018: 27-29) by self-consciously abdicating its leadership role (Patrick 2017b: 52; Ikenberry 2018:7, 2017: 4; Bukovansky 2017:…”
BackgroundInfluential
‘An expensive commodity’? The impact of hope on US foreign policy during the ‘unipolar moment’
Hehir, A. (2023) · European Journal of International Relations · doi:10.1177/13540661221143941 · Cited by 4
“…predicted failed to materialise; these analyses have primarily focused on structural factors related to unipolarity, and/or ideational factors linked to the nature of liberalism and US exceptionalism (Duncombe and Dunne, 2018; Florig, 2010: 1113; Ikenberry, 2018; Layne, 2012; Walt, 2018: 132).”
BackgroundInfluential
Understanding the EU’s Global Gateway through the lens of role theory: Adjusting its role enactment to defend the liberal order
da Silva, F. B. (2026) · The British Journal of Politics and International Relations · doi:10.1177/13691481251411835 · Cited by 3
“The United Nations serves as the cornerstone of these institutions, alongside the Bretton Woods institutions – namely the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization (Deudney and Ikenberry, 1999; Duncombe and Dunne, 2018; Ikenberry, 2010).”
Глобальная интерлюдия: от униполярной дисфункции к новому миропорядку
Лапкин, В. В. (2019) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2019.06.10 · Cited by 3
The Impacts of Executive Responses on Democracy During the Coronavirus Crisis in Croatia, Slovenia and Austria
Butković, H. (2021) · Mezinárodní vztahy · doi:10.32422/mv-cjir.1771 · Cited by 3
Civilizational and Socio-Political Foundations of Contemporary Russian Ideology
Пантин, В. И. (2023) · Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences · doi:10.30727/0235-1188-2022-66-3-11-29 · Cited by 3
ICA-RD: The Regional Domination Policy for Imperialist Competitive Algorithm from Imperialism to Internationalism
Günel, K., Gör, İ., & Tekeli, K. (2020) · Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering · doi:10.1007/s13369-020-04787-x · Cited by 3
The Implosion of Global Liberal World Order and Russian Foreign Policy: Dimensions, Tensions, and Prospects
Kochtcheeva, L. V. (2020) · Vestnik RUDN International Relations · doi:10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-3-463-475 · Cited by 3
SYSTEMIC TRANSFORMATIONS AND CHINESE IMAGE OF THE WORLD ORDER: TRANSCENDING GREAT WALL THROUGH NEO-CONFUCIANISM AND TIANXIA SYSTEMS
Mirza, M. N., & Khan, F. Z. (2021) · Asia-Pacific - Annual Research Journal of Far East & South East Asia · doi:10.47781/asia-pacific.vol38.iss0.3127 · Cited by 3
“The rise of a preponderant US gave substance to the coming of a global liberal democratic order (Duncombe & Dunne, 2018), where America felt confident to embark on its quest for universal democratization.”
Background
What’s in a Name
Carter, L. (2020) · Journal for Activist Science and Technology Education · doi:10.33137/jaste.v11i2.34533 · Cited by 3
“They are necessarily speculative given the pandemic’s fluid, rapid and multiversal nature, requiring sustained consideration over time, for as Nancy Fraser believes, “you can’t fall back on the same old bromides that are so patently useless” (Chang, 2020).”
BackgroundInfluential
Climate Change Begins at Home: City Diplomacy in the Age of the Anthropocene
Sánchez, J. L. M., & Pérez, F. S. (2020) · Palgrave Macmillan series in global public diplomacy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54552-9_3 · Cited by 3
Глобальная политико-институциональная динамика в условиях дестабилизации миропорядка (на примере стран ЕС и России)
Лапкин, В. В., & Пантин, В. И. (2020) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2020.04.05 · Cited by 2
ABD Liderliğindeki Liberal Uluslararası Düzenin Sonu Tartışması: Liberalizmin Krizi ve Geleceği
Kurtbağ, Ö. (2020) · Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.14782/marmarasbd.710696 · Cited by 2
Füze Teknolojisi Kontrol Rejimi: ABD Merkezli Hegemonik Bir Yapıdan Normatif Bir Yapıya Geçişin Önemi
Alım, E. (2020) · Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi · doi:10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.847719 · Cited by 2
Post-American Mormonism in the Changing World Order
Crandall, M. (2023) · Journal of World Christianity · doi:10.5325/jworlchri.13.1.0026 · Cited by 2
Destabilization of the old world order and the formation of a new world order: main trends and alternatives
Пантин, В. И., & Лапкин, В. В. (2023) · Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost · doi:10.31857/s0869049923050015 · Cited by 2
ÇOK KUTUPLU ULUSLARARASI SİSTEMDE STRATEJİK OTONOMİ KAVRAMI VE ÖNEMİ
Çakırca, B. (2025) · Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.16953/deusosbil.1525248 · Cited by 2
Trade, conflict, and opportunity: taking advantage of others’ protectionism and isolationism – the case of MERCOSUL
Farias, D. B. L. (2019) · Canadian Foreign Policy Journal · doi:10.1080/11926422.2019.1642217 · Cited by 2
“The growing frustrations inside Western “leading” states expressed through moves towards protectionism and nationalism, coupled with the rise of illiberal powers, has called into question both the domestic and the international sources of liberal ordering (Duncombe and Dunne 2018, p. 41).”
BackgroundInfluential
China’s Relationship with the Liberal International Order: The Case of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
Atlı, A., & Zeynepcan, A. K. A. R. (2020) · Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.14782/marmarasbd.784428 · Cited by 2
EU Free Trade Agreements as an Instrument of Promoting the Rule of Law in Third Countries: A Framework Paper
Rabinovych, M. (2019) · European yearbook of international economic law · doi:10.1007/8165_2019_31 · Cited by 2
THE AMERICAN HEGEMONY BETWEEN THE RISE OF NEO-PROTECTIONISM AND LIBERAL ECONOMIC ORDER
Dilek, Ş., & Ayar-dilek, İ. (2021) · Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.17755/esosder.974697 · Cited by 2
On the concept of Volk in Carl Schmitt
Orsi, R. (2022) · History of European Ideas · doi:10.1080/01916599.2022.2138937 · Cited by 2
Cum Haereticis Fides Non Servanda: International Law’s Resilience in a Pluralistic World?
Keating, V. C., & Theussen, A. (2022) · Governance, Security and Development · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11393-2_11 · Cited by 2
Emerging States and the Shifting Balance of Global Power
Grix, J., Brannagan, P. M., & Lee, D. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7952-9_2 · Cited by 2
Liberalism and Peaceful Change
Gheciu, A. I. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190097356.013.7 · Cited by 2
Contemporary Humanitarian Intervention
Knotter, L. (2022) · International human rights · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-2116-1_5 · Cited by 2
Цивилизации в современной политике: субъектность, внутренние размежевания, динамика
Пантин, В. И. (2023) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2023.02.13 · Cited by 1
The Nationalisation of Aid
Lazell, M., & Petríková, I. (2024) · Building a sustainable political economy: SPERI research & policy. · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-64241-8_9 · Cited by 1
Introduction: EU Actorness in Transition
Riga, D., & Lika, L. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81160-9_1 · Cited by 1
Dynastic International Relations: understanding race and the crisis of liberal order through Ibn Khaldun
Sheikh, F., & Thomas, O. D. (2025) · European Journal of International Relations · doi:10.1177/13540661251338216 · Cited by 1
“…of humanitarianism apply: ‘even with the advance of the norm of self-determination . . . , the idea that the rich, white North held in “trust” the fate of the peoples at risk in the global South continued to be part of the repertoire of the UN’ (Duncomes and Dunne, 2018: 33; see also Tudor, 2023).”
Influential
The Capture of Venezuela’s President, Greenland Security and Airstrikes against Iran: A New World Order?
Singh, D. (2026) · International Relations and Diplomacy · doi:10.17265/2328-2134/2026.01.001 · Cited by 1
“However, the United Nations Security Council has been marred with its permanent members vetoing draft resolutions that have formed political stalemates, indicating that multilateral cooperation is undermined (Duncombe & Dunne, 2018).”
From Destroyer to Preserver? The Evolution of India’s Position Towards the Liberal International Order and Its Significance for the EU–India Strategic Partnership
Kugiel, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65044-5_12 · Cited by 1
A Universidade do Minho em tempos de pandemia: Tomo III: Projeções
Martins, M., & Rodrigues, E. (2020) · UMinho Editora eBooks · doi:10.21814/uminho.ed.25 · Cited by 1
Theorizing Change in the English School
Flockhart, T. (2022) · Governance, Security and Development · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11393-2_2 · Cited by 1
International norm disputes: Comparative insights for theory and practice
Zimmermann, L., Deitelhoff, N., Lesch, M., Arcudi, A., & Peez, A. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198873235.003.0008 · Cited by 1
Growing Pro-ecojustice Dispositifs Through Science and Technology Education
Bencze, L. (2023) · Sociocultural explorations of science education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-39330-3_7 · Cited by 1
Donald Trump und die Krise der liberalen Weltordnung
Daase, C. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-23783-7_1 · Cited by 1
The Sino-Russian and US-Russian relationships: Current developments and future trends
Kaczmarski, M., Katz, M. N., & Tiilikainen, T. (2018) · Cadmus - EUI Research Repository (European University Institute) · Cited by 1
India, the European Union and the Postwar Liberal Order
Kugiel, P. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3917-6_2 · Cited by 1
Das demokratische Paradox, Antagonismus und Agonie der globalen Ordnung: Chantal Mouffes Überlegungen zur internationalen Politik
Vasilache, A. (2020) · Politische Vierteljahresschrift · doi:10.1007/s11615-020-00270-2 · Cited by 1
Forecast-based Humanitarian Action and Conflict : Promises and pitfalls of planning for anticipatory humanitarian response to armed conflict
Hostetter, L. (2019) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 1
The Last Multilateralist?
Wood, S. (2020) · World Affairs · doi:10.1177/0043820020904746 · Cited by 1
Revising the Status Quo of Revisionism, Grand Strategy, and International Order
Erpul, O. (2019) · FIU - Digital Commons (Florida International University) · doi:10.25148/etd.fidc007077 · Cited by 1
Пространственно-территориальные альтернативы политического развития в эпоху глобальной трансформации
главный редактор журнала «История и современность», В. Н. С. Н. И. И. М. Э. И. М. О. И. Е. М. П. Р., & Лапкин, В. В. (2018) · История и современность · doi:10.30884/iis/2018.04.02
British diplomacy of money and trade
Pribićević, O. (2019) · Medjunarodni problemi · doi:10.2298/medjp1902137p
Oil, gas and geopolitical dimensions of the Syrian Civil War: A neoclassical realist assessment
Hartley, O. T. (2018) · Research Commons (University of Waikato)
Resilience of the Humanitarian Narrative in US Foreign Policy
Kotilainen, N. K. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22059-4_9
Imperial Projections & Crisis: The Liberal International Order as a ‘Pseudo-Empire’
Parchami, A. (2019) · The Journal of Imperial & Commonwealth History · doi:10.1080/03086534.2019.1677348

Authors: Duncombe, C., & Dunne, T.
ORCID: Duncombe, Constance
Venue: International Affairs
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2018-01-01
Volume: 94
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-42
ISSN: 0020-5850 (ISSN-L)
1468-2346
DOI: 10.1093/ia/iix234
OpenAlex: W2782124047
Cited by: 151
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 8
FWCI: 79.19
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: International Affairs (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Global Peace and Security Dynamics
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Peacebuilding and International Security
Keywords: liberal international order, internationalism, imperialism, humanitarianism, humanitarian ethics, global governance, humanitarian intervention

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

After liberal world order

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources