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Head Trauma as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Collaborative Re-Analysis of Case-Control Studies
Open accessAbstract
A re-analysis of the data from 11 case-control studies was performed to investigate the association between head trauma and Alzheimer's disease (AD). To increase comparability of studies, exposures were limited to head trauma with loss of consciousness (hereafter referred to as 'head trauma') and comparisons were restricted to community (versus hospital) controls. Test for heterogeneity across studies was negative; consequently, data were pooled in subsequent analyses. The pooled relative risk for head trauma was 1.82 (95% confidence interval: 1.26-2.67). Stratified analyses showed stronger associations in cases without a positive family history of dementia and in males (versus females). Adjustment of the pooled relative risk for family history of dementia, education and alcohol consumption did not alter significantly the association between head trauma and AD. There was no interaction effect between head trauma and family history of dementia, suggesting that these risk factors operate independently. Mean age of onset was not significantly different in cases with a history of head trauma compared to cases without such a history. The findings of the pooled analysis support an association between reported head trauma and AD.
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“In particular, repeated mTBI (rmTBI) has been identified as a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [100], Parkinson’s disease (PD) [68] amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [21, 2], fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) [126, 124], and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) [95].”
From Early onset senescence and cognitive impairment in a murine model of repeated mTBI (2021) · cites this paper as [100]
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“[238] Mortimer JA, Van Duiin CM, Chandra V, Fratiglioni L, Graves AB,”
BackgroundEpidemiology of Alzheimer disease
Reitz, C., Brayne, C., & Mayeux, R. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.2 · Cited by 1,675
Role of ROS and RNS Sources in Physiological and Pathological Conditions
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“Other risk factors include family history of disease, reduced brain volume, traumatic brain injury, and low education and mental ability early in life [464–468].”
BackgroundAxonal pathology in traumatic brain injury
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mortimer, J. A., Van Duijn, C. M., Chandra, V, Fratiglioni, L., Graves, A. B., Heyman, A., Jorm, A. F., Kokmen, E., Kondo, K., Rocca, W. A., Shalat, S. L., Soininen, H., & A Hofman for the Eurodem Risk Factors Research Group
- Affiliations
- Minneapolis VA Medical Center (US)
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Mortimer, J A
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-01-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- Supplement 2
- Pages
- S28-S35
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- OpenAlex
- W2142046013
- Cited by
- 594
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 12.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- head trauma, Alzheimer's disease, risk factors, loss of consciousness, family history of dementia, sex differences, age of onset, pooled relative risk, case-control study
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Australia, Europe, Female, Craniocerebral Trauma, Humans, Male, Risk, Risk Factors, United States, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Case-Control Studies
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