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Desiccant cooling systems: a review
Open accessAbstract
Desiccant cooling systems have been considered as an efficient method of controlling moisture content in supply air. They do not use any ozone-depleting coolants and consume less energy as compared with the vapour compression systems. This communication provides an extensive review of liquid desiccant systems (LDSs). All the components of an LDS such as dehumidifier, regenerator, packing material and liquid desiccant properties along with its energy storage capabilities have been discussed in detail. In addition, hybrid of LDSs with sensible cooling technologies has been studied. Various types of mathematical models to predict the outlet parameters of the desiccant system and current issues in liquid desiccants have been reviewed in detail. Moreover, solid and other advanced desiccants have also been discussed briefly. Finally, a summary of some successful case studies and economic evaluation of desiccant systems have been given.
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![Figure 2 Electricity usage in commercial and residential building in India [2].](/paper-figures/8b5f35d7437c4a35b75be20840682051/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-2.png)
![Figure 3 Atmospheric concentration of ozone-depleting substances [3].](/paper-figures/7fee3db40f0c427c9668292bfb8c98e5/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-3.png)
![Figure 4 Schematic diagram of conventional vapour compression air-conditioning system [6].](/paper-figures/d661a6cdf0684d59be37dfef83a5a6c9/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-4.png)
![Figure 5 Schematic of an LDS [15].](/paper-figures/f17d1316243846ec91835b2551c7c762/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-5.png)
![Figure 6 Vapour pressure change in the desiccant cooling system [15].](/paper-figures/7c31626a8aaf4eb09e9c3acd76fee0b9/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-6.png)
![Figure 7 Vapour pressure of lithium chloride (LiCl) at different mass concentration [19].](/paper-figures/20b5c8c6d1024227af7a19f1ece6c97d/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-7.png)
![Figure 8 Vapour pressure of lithium bromide (LiBr) at different mass concentration [19].](/paper-figures/fbee5afdbe13470e998272ff3ce44759/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-8.png)
![Figure 9 Vapour pressure of potassium formate (HCOOK) at different mass concentration [20].](/paper-figures/ef34e23a228b4952868d146e2f496845/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-9.png)
![Figure 10 ( A ) Adiabatic dehumidifier, ( B ) internally cooled dehumidifier [24].](/paper-figures/65f13489d4dd407ca60d6b7692925047/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-10.png)

![Figure 11 Two-stage dehumidification unit [25].](/paper-figures/cc3538a2c71b47aab22d4e9e924edd05/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-11.png)
![Figure 12 Flow patterns of air and liquid desiccant in dehumidification unit [31].](/paper-figures/5ee1da7effc4455092c5b7982ce681c7/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-12.png)

![Figure 14 Solar powered desiccant cooling system [38].](/paper-figures/4256417db70449cda4f8b665bbe4e143/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-14.png)
![Figure 15 An internal combustion-based tri-generation system with a biomass gasification unit [40].](/paper-figures/2ade4aa0a068472aa5ae59c1efc34846/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-15.png)
![Figure 16 Liquid desiccant system with energy storage [42].](/paper-figures/fd7a0aed37484fdc96e2eb6e68e324b4/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-16.png)

![Figure 18 A desiccant cooling system combined to an evaporative cooler [43].](/paper-figures/92194173df564f77af6a246ba8c42f1b/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-18.png)
![Figure 19 A schematic of hybrid desiccant-assisted air conditioner [46].](/paper-figures/52d6bde50caa434b9fe4479cc1732371/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-19.png)
![Figure 20 Schematic of solid desiccant wheel [23].](/paper-figures/8b95692e5f4b4d348a2f0f07ab35f807/desiccant-cooling-systems-a-review-figure-20.png)
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“Finally, the desiccant cooling system works near atmospheric pressure, which makes them easy to construct, install, preserve and maintain.”
From Resilient cooling strategies – A critical review and qualitative assessment (2021) · cites this paper as [203]
In the citing paper
“The required electrical energy can be less than 25 % of conventional refrigeration systems and this technique acts as an energy-efficient method, especially for hot dry and hot humid areas.”
From Resilient cooling strategies – A critical review and qualitative assessment (2021) · cites this paper as [203]
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“The system uses eco-friendly fluids including air and water, which have no negative impact on the environment.”
From Resilient cooling strategies – A critical review and qualitative assessment (2021) · cites this paper as [203]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sahlot, M., & Riffat, S. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sahlot, Minaal
- ORCID
- Riffat, Saffa B.
- Venue
- International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-01-20
- Pages
- ctv032
- ISSN
- 1748-1317 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-1325
- OpenAlex
- W2318244275
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 13.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Adsorption and Cooling Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Keywords
- desiccant cooling systems, dehumidification, desiccant regeneration, solid desiccant, energy storage, economic evaluation
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