In situ and in vitro senescence induced by KCl stress: nutritional imbalance, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant metabolism
Abstract
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. SH222) plants and calli were exposed to KCl stress for three weeks. Calli were more tolerant to KCl than plants. KCl stress decreased NO(-)(3), Mn, Fe and B levels in whole plants and P, Ca and Mg in shoots. NO(-)(3), P, Ca, Mg, Mn, and B levels decreased in 100 mM-stressed calli. Chlorophyll content, F:(m) and (F:(m)-F:(0))/F:(m) ratio decreased in stressed leaves, while F:(0) increased only in leaves exposed to severe stress (100 and 150 mM). Membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation increased in plants under all stress conditions and in 100 and 150 mM stressed calli, but remained unchanged in 25 mM stressed calli. Salt stress also induced changes relating to antioxidant enzymes: plants under all stress conditions showed a decrease in catalase, peroxidase and SOD activities. Calli under moderate stress (25 mM KCl) showed an increase of catalase, peroxidase and SOD activities, but the activities of peroxidase and SOD decreased when calli were exposed to higher KCl concentrations. The decrease of antioxidant enzyme activities is in tune with lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability increases. On the other hand, calli adapted for 6 months to 100 mM KCl showed an increase of these enzyme activities compared to unstressed calli, while MDA production and membrane permeability were not significantly affected.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In salt-stressed sunflower calli and leaves, decreased glutamate and ALA indicate that salt stress affects Chl biosynthesis more markedly than Chl breakdown.
“A series of experiments with sunflower callus and plants (Santos and Caldeira 1999, Santos et al. 2001, Santos 2004, Akram and Ashraf 2011) have shown that the important precursors of Chl, i.e., glutamate and 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA), decreased in salt-stressed calli and leaves, which indicates that salt stress affects more markedly Chl biosynthesis than Chl breakdown.”
From Photosynthesis under stressful environments: An overview (2013) · cites this paper as Santos et al. 2001
The ‘Chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters’ section reports reduced chlorophyll in KCl-stressed sunflower leaves, and the ‘Fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content’ section considers synthesis deficiency as one possible contributor. Neither section reports decreased glutamate or ALA in leaves or calli, or concludes that biosynthesis is affected more than breakdown; the latter section also describes chlorophyll b degradation. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 22
- Aebi M. 1974. Catalase. In: Bergmeyer HU, ed. Methods of enzymatic analysis, Vol. 2. New York: Verlag Chemie- Academic Press, 673±684.
- Buchanan-Wollaston V. 1997. The molecular biology of leaf senescence. Journal of Experimental Botany 48, 181±199.
- Chen CT, Li CC, Kao CH. 1991. Senescence of rice leaves. Changes of chlorophyll protein and polyamine contents and ethylene production during senescence of a chlorophyll de®cient mutant. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 10, 201±205.
- Dhindsa RS, Matowe W. 1981. Drought tolerance in two mosses: correlated with enzymatic defence against lipid peroxidation. Journal of Experimental Botany 32, 79±91.
- Dhindsa RS, Plumb-Dhindsa P, Thorpe TA. 1981. Leaf senes- cence: correlated with increased levels of membrane per- meability and lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of superoxid dismutase and catalase. Journal of Experimental Botany 32, 93±101.
- Evans F, Bucking W. 1976. Mineral analysis. In: JP Nitsche, ed. Modern methods in forest genetics. Proceedings in Life Science. Berlin: Spriger-Verlag, 165±188.
- Fang Z, Bouwkamp JC, Solomos T. 1998. Chlorophyllase activities and chlorophyll degradation during leaf senes- cence in non-yellowing mutant and wild type of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Journal of Experimental Botany 49, 503±510.
- Ingram J, Bartels D. 1996. The molecular basis of dehydration tolerance in plants. Annual Review of Plant Molecular Biology 47, 377±403.
- Lutts S, Kinet J, Bouharmont J. 1996b. NaCl induced senes- cence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Annals of Botany 78, 389±398.
- Maathius FJ, Amtmann A. 1999. K q nutrition and Na q toxicity: The basis of cellular K q uNa q ratios. Annals of Botany 84, 123±133.
- Maxwell K, Johnson GN. 2000. Chlorophyll ¯uorescenceÐ a practical guide. Journal of Experimental Botany 51, 659±668.
- Mehlhorn H, Wenzel A. 1996. Manganese de®ciency enhances ozonetoxicity in bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Saxa). Journal of Plant Physiology 148, 155±159.
- Netting AG. 2000. pH, abscisic acid and the integration of metabolism in plants under stressed and non-stressed con- ditions: cellular responses to stress and their implication for plant water relations. Journal of Experimental Botany 51, 147±158.
- Olmos E, Hernandez JA, Sevilla F, Hellõ Ân E. 1994. Induction of several antioxidant enzymes in the selection of a salt tolerant cell line of Pisum sativum. Journal of Plant Physiology 114, 594±598.
- Osswald W, Kraus R, Hippeli S, Benz B, Volpert R, Elstner E. 1992. Comparison of enzymatic activities of dehydroascor- batic acid reductase, glutathione reductase, catalase, perox- idase and superoxide dismutase of healthy and damaged spruce needles (Picea abies L.) Karst.). Journal of Plant Physiology 139, 742±748.
- Prakash L, Prathapasenan G. 1990. NaCl-and gibberelic acid-induced changes in the content of auxin and the activities of cellulase and pectin lyase during leaf growth in rice (Oryza sativa). Annals of Botany 65, 251±257.
- Putter J. 1974. Peroxidases. In: Bergmeyer HU, ed. Methods of enzymatic analysis, Vol. 2. New York: Verlag Chemie- Academic Press, 685±690.
- Salama S, Trivedi S, Busheva M, Arafa A, Garab G, Erdei L. 1994. Effects of NaCl salinity on growth, cation accumulation, chloroplast structure and function in wheat cultivars differing in salt tolerance. Journal of Plant Physiology 144, 241±247.
- Santos C. 1998. Study of some mechanisms of osmotic regulation and the expression of glutamine synthetase in Helianthus annuus L. cells exposed to salt stress: selection of salt tolerant cells. PhD thesis, University of Aveiro, Portugal (English summary).
- Santos C, Caldeira G. 1999. Comparative responses of Helianthus annuus plants and calli exposed to NaCl. I. Growth rate and osmotic regulation in intact plants and calli. Journal of Plant Physiology 155, 769±777.
- White PJ. 1998. Calcium channels in the plasma membrane of root cells. Annals of Botany 81, 173±183.
- Yu Q, Rengel Z. 1999. Micronutrient de®ciency in¯uences plant growth and activities of superoxide dismutases in narrow-leafed lupins. Annals of Botany 83, 175±182.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Photosynthesis under stressful environments: An overview
Ashraf, M., & Harris, P. J. C. (2013) · Photosynthetica · doi:10.1007/s11099-013-0021-6 · Cited by 2,028 · see citing works
- Authors
- Santos, C. L. V., Campos, A., Azevedo, H., & Caldeira, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Aveiro (PT)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Botany
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2001-02
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 355
- Pages
- 351-360
- ISSN
- 0022-0957 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2431
- OpenAlex
- W2118103637
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Botany (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation
- Keywords
- salt stress, plant senescence, sunflower, callus, nutrient imbalance, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, membrane permeability, chlorophyll fluorescence, malondialdehyde, stress adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Catalase, Chlorophyll, Helianthus, Malondialdehyde, Membrane Potentials, Minerals, Peroxidase, Potassium Chloride, Superoxide Dismutase, Time Factors, Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, Plant Leaves, Culture Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
