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Genomic instability and cancer: an introduction
Open accessAbstract
Genomic instability refers to an increased tendency of alterations in the genome during the life cycle of cells. It is a major driving force for tumorigenesis. During a cell division, genomic instability is minimized by four major mechanisms: high-fidelity DNA replication in S-phase, precise chromosome segregation in mitosis, error free repair of sporadic DNA damage, and a coordinated cell cycle progression. This introduction summarizes the major molecular processes that contribute to these mechanisms in the context of prevention of genomic instability and tumorigenesis.
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“Additionally, due to the instability of the genome of cancer cells, they have evolved many mechanisms to escape CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, such as mutation of the PAM sequence and the recognition site etc. [120–122].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [121]
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Mechanisms and insights into drug resistance in cancer
Zahreddine, H. A., & Borden, K. L. B. (2013) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00028 · Cited by 680
“The second mechanism involves the acquisition of stochastic alterations within the cancer cells which provide a survival advantage (Campbell et al., 2008; Stratton et al., 2009; Negrini et al., 2010; The International Cancer Genome Consortium, 2010; Shen, 2011).”
BackgroundAnjum, S., Hashim, M., Malik, S. A., Khan, M., Lorenzo, J. M., Abbasi, B. H., & Hano, C. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13184570 · Cited by 597
“Genomic instability may also lead to cancer, in which increased alterations occur in the genome during the entire life cycle of dividing cells [8].”
BackgroundNon-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities
Li, L., Hu, S., & Chen, X. (2018) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.031 · Cited by 415
A Hormone–DNA Repair Circuit Governs the Response to Genotoxic Insult
Goodwin, J. F., Schiewer, M. J., Dean, J. L., Schrecengost, R. S., de Leeuw, R., Han, S., Ma, T., Den, R. B., Dicker, A. P., Feng, F. Y.-C., et al. (2013) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0108 · Cited by 366
“Failure to efficiently repair damage promotes errors in DNA replication and chromosome segregation, thus facilitating genomic instability in both hereditary and sporadic cancers [8].”
BackgroundMechanisms of cadmium induced genomic instability
Filipič, M. (2011) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.09.002 · Cited by 239
Metadata
- Authors
- Shen, Z.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shen, Z.
- ORCID
- Shen, Z.
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-01-30
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-3
- ISSN
- 1674-2788 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043251251
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA156706)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Keywords
- genomic instability, carcinogenesis, DNA replication fidelity, chromosome segregation, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cancer prevention
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Division, DNA Replication, Humans, Mitosis, Neoplasms, S Phase, Chromosome Segregation, Genomic Instability
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