Functional diversity of small nucleolar RNAs
Open accessAbstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are short non-protein-coding RNAs with a long-recognized role in tuning ribosomal and spliceosomal function by guiding ribose methylation and pseudouridylation at targeted nucleotide residues of ribosomal and small nuclear RNAs, respectively. SnoRNAs are increasingly being implicated in regulation of new types of post-transcriptional processes, for example rRNA acetylation, modulation of splicing patterns, control of mRNA abundance and translational efficiency, or they themselves are processed to shorter stable RNA species that seem to be the principal or alternative bioactive isoform. Intriguingly, some display unusual cellular localization under exogenous stimuli, or tissue-specific distribution. Here, we discuss the new and unforeseen roles attributed to snoRNAs, focusing on the presumed mechanisms of action. Furthermore, we review the experimental approaches to study snoRNA function, including high resolution RNA:protein and RNA:RNA interaction mapping, techniques for analyzing modifications on targeted RNAs, and cellular and animal models used in snoRNA biology research.
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Successful expansion of ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle likely requires coordinated adaptation at transcription and at RNA processing and maturation guided by small RNAs.
“Consequently, while direct human transcriptomic data tracing snoRNA dynamics during resistance training remain limited, the successful expansion of ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle likely requires coordinated adaptation not only at the level of transcription but also at the level of RNA processing and maturation guided by these small RNAs [200,201].”
From Ribosome Biogenesis as a Putative Bottleneck to Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: Mechanisms, Human Evidence, and Practical Modulators (2026) · cites this paper as [200]
The section on snoRNAs as regulators of metabolic and oxidative stress reports that Rpl13a snoRNAs guide rRNA methylation, supporting a role for these small RNAs in ribosomal RNA maturation. It does not establish that expanding ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle requires coordinated changes in transcription and snoRNA-guided processing, including during resistance training. The relevant passage has no page number in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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References 192 · Cited by 272
- Authors
- Bratkovič, T., Božič, J., & Rogelj, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Ljubljana (SI)
- Jožef Stefan Institute (SI)
- Corresponding author
- Bratkovič, Tomaž
- Rogelj, Boris
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-12-12
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1627-1651
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- PMC
- PMC7038934
- OpenAlex
- W2994632666
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 192
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 17
- FWCI
- 9.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Slovenian Research Agency (P4-0127, J3-9263)
- Foundation for Prader-Willi Research
- Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- small nucleolar RNA, ribose methylation, pseudouridylation, splicing regulation, mRNA stability, translation efficiency, snoRNA processing, RNA-protein interactions, RNA-RNA interactions, RNA modification, post-transcriptional regulation
- MeSH terms
- Nucleic Acid Conformation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Ribose, Ribosomes, RNA Splicing, Uridine Monophosphate, Spliceosomes, RNA, Small Nucleolar
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