The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Sex Differences in Spatial Abilities: Evolutionary Theory and Data
Abstract
Cognitive sex differences have remained a prominent topic in psychology for several decades, and one of the most consistent findings has been superior performance for males on tests of spatial abilities. Earlier attempts to account for this difference dealt mainly with socialization practices (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974), but the generality of the phenomenon across populations and situations led to a shift in emphasis to genetic determinants. Relationships have been found for both sexes between spatial performance and hormonal variables, measured or manipulated directly or inferred from correlates such as pubertal status, physical characteristics, menstrual cycle phase, and atypical androgen levels associated with medical disorders. Additionally, similar spatial sex differences have been found in infrahuman species.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The human hippocampus and spatial and episodic memory
Burgess, N., Maguire, E. A., & O'Keefe, J. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00830-9 · Cited by 2,401
Evolutionary Psychology: A New Paradigm for Psychological Science
Buss, D. M. (1995) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0601_1 · Cited by 1,198
Gillies, G. E., & McArthur, S. (2010) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.109.002071 · Cited by 733
Sex differences in route-learning
Galea, L. A. M., & Kimura, D. (1993) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(93)90174-2 · Cited by 487
Sex differences in visual-spatial working memory: A meta-analysis
Voyer, D., Voyer, S. D., & Saint-Aubin, J. (2017) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-016-1085-7 · Cited by 400
Metadata
- Authors
- Silverman, I., & Eals, M.
- Venue
- The Adapted Mind
- Publisher
- Oxford University PressNew York, NY
- Published
- 1992-08-06
- Pages
- 533-553
- OpenAlex
- W2496992222
- Cited by
- 508
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 15.00
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Sex Differences in Spatial Abilities: Evolutionary Theory and Data. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/oso/9780195060232.003.0015
- The paper
- Silverman, I., & Eals, M. (1992). Sex Differences in Spatial Abilities: Evolutionary Theory and Data. The Adapted Mind. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195060232.003.0015
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
