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Geochemical Stratigraphy of the Deccan Traps at Mahabaleshwar, Western Ghats, India, with Implications for Open System Magmatic Processes
Abstract
Detailed stratigraphy based on whole-rock geochemistry is presented for a 1200 m sequence of basaltic lava flows in the Western Ghats escarpment near Mahabaleshwar. Five separate sections are used to define a regional dip of approximately 0–5° to the SW. From the base upwards the following formations are described: Bushe, Lower Poladpur, Upper Poladpur, Ambenali, and Mahabaleshwar. Inter-formation boundaries, with the exception of the Upper Poladpur-Ambenali, are sharp, and are particularly well defined by breaks in Sr-isotopic composition. Two of the formation bases are marked by abnormally mafic flows— the Kamshedi picrite horizon at the base of the Upper Poladpur, and the Kelghar mafic unit at the base of the Mahabaleshwar. Major element compositions are controlled throughout largely by the degree of gabbro fractionation. Intense crustal contamination further modifies compositions in the lower part of the sequence (Bushe-Upper Poladpur) and has strong effects on trace elements and Sr-isotopes. Contamination decreases up-sequence leading to the comparatively uniform Ambenali rocks. The Mahabaleshwar Formation represents a change towards magmatism generated in an enriched mantle with many characteristics similar to those of oceanic island basalts. The geochemical discussion deals mainly with two well-developed mixing lines, one between Ambenali magmas and granitic crust, the other between ambenali magmas and the products of the postulated enriched mantle source. The detailed…
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“A second test of our hypothesis comes from existing neodymium, strontium, and lead isotopic data (as well as other geochemical data), which show that the Wai Subgroup fl ows have a stronger mantle signature than the underlying Lonavala and Kalsubai fl ows, which show signifi cant degrees of crustal contamination (Mahoney et al., 1982;Cox and Hawkesworth, 1985;Lightfoot and Hawkesworth, 1988;Lightf”
From Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact (2015) · cites this paper as Cox and Hawkesworth, 1985
In the citing paper
“The volcanic stratigraphy of the Western Ghats Province of the Deccan Traps has been established through a variety of fi eld studies (Cox and Hawkesworth, 1985;Beane et al., 1986;Lightfoot et al., 1990;Peng et al., 1994;Subbarao et al., 1994), resulting in the widely used nomenclature portrayed in Figure 1A, which is based in large part upon the analysis of characteristic major-and minor-element”
From Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact (2015) · cites this paper as Cox and Hawkesworth, 1985
Citations
Cited by
U-Pb constraints on pulsed eruption of the Deccan Traps across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction
Schoene, B., Eddy, M. P., Samperton, K. M., Keller, C. B., Keller, G., Adatte, T., & Khadri, S. F. R. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aau2422 · Cited by 542
Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact
Richards, M. A., Alvarez, W., Self, S., Karlstrom, L., Renne, P. R., Manga, M., Sprain, C. J., Smit, J., Vanderkluysen, L., & Gibson, S. A. (2015) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b31167.1 · Cited by 210
The Magmatic Architecture of Continental Flood Basalts I: Observations From the Deccan Traps
Mittal, T., Richards, M. A., & Fendley, I. M. (2021) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/2021jb021808 · Cited by 42
Metadata
- Authors
- COX, K. G., & HAWKESWORTH, C. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Petrology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1985-05-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 355-377
- ISSN
- 0022-3530
- 1460-2415
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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- COX, K. G., & HAWKESWORTH, C. J. (1985). Geochemical Stratigraphy of the Deccan Traps at Mahabaleshwar, Western Ghats, India, with Implications for Open System Magmatic Processes. Journal of Petrology. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/26.2.355
