Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 825

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Macroeconomic Factors Do Influence Aggregate Stock Returns

Flannery, Mark J., Protopapadakis, Aris A.·2002·Review of Financial Studies

Abstract

Stock market returns are significantly correlated with inflation and money growth. The impact of real macroeconomic variables on aggregate equity returns has been difficult to establish, perhaps because their effects are neither linear nor time invariant. We estimate a GARCH model of daily equity returns, where realized returns and their conditional volatility depend on 17 macro series’ announcements. We find six candidates for priced factors: three nominal (CPI, PPI, and a Monetary Aggregate) and three real (Balance of Trade, Employment Report, and Housing Starts). Popular measures of overall economic activity, such as Industrial Production or GNP are not represented.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/rfs/15.3.751

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 1 references

Cited by

See all 825

Metadata

Authors
Flannery, M. J., & Protopapadakis, A. A.
Venue
Review of Financial Studies
Published
2002-04
Volume
15
Issue
3
Pages
751-782
ISSN
  • 0893-9454 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-7368
OpenAlex
W3094392984
Cited by
825
References
1
FWCI
20.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Macroeconomic Factors Do Influence Aggregate Stock Returns. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/rfs/15.3.751
The paper
Flannery, M. J., & Protopapadakis, A. A. (2002). Macroeconomic Factors Do Influence Aggregate Stock Returns. Review of Financial Studies. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/15.3.751

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.