Mixed Race: Understanding Difference in the Genome Era
Open accessAbstract
This article presents the findings of a qualitative study of multiracial individuals' understanding of identity, race and human genetic variation. The debate regarding the correlation between race, genetics and disease has expanded, but limited empirical data has been collected regarding the lay public's perspective. Participants in this study explore their identity and its relationships to their health care interactions. Participants also share their views on race-based therapeutics, health disparities and the connections between race, ancestry and genetics. Their voices highlight the limitations of racial categories in describing differences within our increasingly diverse communities. The genomic era will be a pivotal period in challenging current understandings and uses of racial categories in health.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
When disconnected from their social and political histories, racial categories have no place in biological research.
“However, when disconnected from their social and political histories, racial categories have no place in biological research [30, 90, 122].”
From Towards a critical race methodology in algorithmic fairness (2020) · cites this paper as [90]
Cites
Racial Measurement in the American Census: Past Practices and Implications for the Future
Snipp, C. M. (2003) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100006 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Towards a critical race methodology in algorithmic fairness
Hanna, A., Denton, R., Smart, A., & Smith-Loud, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3351095.3372826 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Charmaraman, L., Woo, M., Quach, A., & Erkut, S. (2014) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035437 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
- Authors
- Phillips, E. M., Odunlami, A. O., & Bonham, V. L.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bonham, V. L.
- ORCID
- Bonham, V. L.
- Venue
- Social Forces
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-12-01
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 795-820
- ISSN
- 0037-7732 (ISSN-L)
- 1534-7605
- PMC
- PMC2600806
- OpenAlex
- W2032572382
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Social Forces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 HG999999)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Race, Genetics, and Society
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
- Keywords
- multiracial population, race and genetics, human genetic variation, racial identity, lay public perceptions, health disparities, ancestry, racial classification, genomic era, healthcare interactions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
