The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An embryoprotective role for glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase in developmental oxidative stress and chemical teratogenesis
Abstract
The primary recognized health risk from common deficiencies in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a cytoprotective enzyme for oxidative stress, is red blood cell hemolysis. Here we show that litters from untreated pregnant mutant mice with a hereditary G6PD deficiency had increased prenatal (fetal resorptions) and postnatal death. When treated with the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin, a human teratogen that is commonly used in pregnant women and causes embryonic oxidative stress, G6PD‐deficient dams had higher embryonic DNA oxidation and more fetal death and birth defects. The reported G6PD gene mutation was confirmed and used to genotype fetal resorptions, which were primarily G6PD deficient. This is the first evidence that G6PD is a developmentally critical cytoprotective enzyme for both endogenous and xenobiotic‐initiated embryopathic oxidative stress and DNA damage. G6PD deficiencies accordingly may have a broader biological relevance as important determinants of infertility, in utero and postnatal death, and teratogenesis.—Nicol, C. J., Zielenski, J., Tsui, L.‐C., Wells, P. G. An embryoprotective role for glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase in developmental oxidative stress and chemical teratogenesis. FASEB J. 14, 111–127(2000)
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Burton (2009) reported that in animals with genetically impaired antioxidant enzyme activity and in diabetic rats in whom ROS levels were increased, the offspring had congenital abnormalities (Hagay et al. 1995;Eriksson, 1999;Nicol et al. 2000).”
From Iron, Oxidative Stress and Health (2012) · cites this paper as Nicol et al. 2000
Citations
Cites
Free radicals in biology and medicine
Gutteridge, J. M. C. (1991) · General Pharmacology The Vascular System · doi:10.1016/0306-3623(91)90478-o · Cited by 17,178
Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine
Land, E. J. (1990) · International Journal of Radiation Biology · doi:10.1080/09553009014552071 · Cited by 4,871
Ruwende, C., Khoo, S. C., Snow, R. W., Yates, S. N. R., Kwiatkowski, D. P., Gupta, S., Warn, P. A., Allsopp, C. E. M., Gilbert, S. C., Peschu, N., et al. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/376246a0 · Cited by 592
Human Physiology and Mechanisms of Disease
Guyton, A. C. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 570
Pandolfi, P. P., Sonati, F., Rivi, R., Mason, P. J., Grosveld, F. G., & Luzzatto, L. (1995) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00205.x · Cited by 547
Gupta, R. C. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.6943 · Cited by 521
Free radical-mediated oxidative DNA damage in the mechanism of thalidomide teratogenicity
Parman, T., Wiley, M. J., & Wells, P. G. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/8466 · Cited by 495
Self-citationAltman, P. L., & Dittmer, D. S. (1964) · Cited by 491
Catalase: a tetrameric enzyme with four tightly bound molecules of NADPH.
Kirkman, H., & Gaetani, G. F. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.14.4343 · Cited by 476
THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
(1975) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-740603-9.50001-2 · Cited by 416
The Hemolytic Effect of Primaquine and Related Compounds: a Review
Beutler, E. (1959) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v14.2.103.103 · Cited by 398
Assays for 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine: A biomarker of in vivo oxidative DNA damage
Shigenaga, M. K., & Ames, B. N. (1991) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0891-5849(91)90078-h · Cited by 365
Mechanisms of Protection of Catalase by NADPH
Kirkman, H. N., Rolfo, M., Ferraris, A. M., & Gaetani, G. F. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.20.13908 · Cited by 317
Préville, X., Salvemini, F., Giraud, S., Chaufour, S., Paul, C., Stepien, G., Ursini, M. V., & Arrigo, A. (1999) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.1998.4347 · Cited by 300
Multiple roles of glutathione in the central nervous system.
Cooper, A. J., & Kristal, B. S. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 297
The function of catalase-bound NADPH.
Kirkman, H. N., Galiano, S., & Gaetani, G. F. (1987) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)75835-9 · Cited by 291
Hematologically Important Mutations: Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase
Beutler, E., Vulliamy, T., & Luzzatto, L. (1996) · Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases · doi:10.1006/bcmd.1996.0008 · Cited by 262
Oxidative damage in chemical teratogenesis
Wells, P. G., Kim, P. M., Laposa, R. R., Nicol, C. J. B., Parmana, T., & Winn, L. M. (1997) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00175-9 · Cited by 253
Self-citationA teratologic suppressor role for p53 in benzo(a)pyrene–treated transgenic p53-deficient mice
Nicol, C. J. B., Harrison, M. L., Laposa, R. R., Gimelshtein, I. L., & Wells, P. G. (1995) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0695-181 · Cited by 247
Self-citationMartins, R. N., Harper, C. G., Stokes, G. B., & Masters, C. L. (1986) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00615.x · Cited by 234 · cited 1×
“increased levels of G6PD activity in several relevant regions of Alzheimer’s brains compared with controls, possibly reflective of increased levels of cerebral oxidative challenge (60, 61).”
BackgroundOxidant damage mediates variant red cell resistance to malaria
Friedman, M. J. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/280245a0 · Cited by 232
Evidence of an oxidative challenge in the Alzheimer's brain
Balázs, L., & Leon, M. (1994) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/bf00965146 · Cited by 196
Antiperoxidant pretreatment and iron‐induced epileptiforom discharges in the rat
Willmore, L. J., & Rubin, J. J. (1981) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.31.1.63 · Cited by 162
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency inhibits in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum.
Roth, E. F., Raventós-Suárez, C., Rinaldi, A., & Nagel, R. L. (1983) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.80.1.298 · Cited by 161
Biochemical Toxicology of Chemical Teratogenesis
Wells, P. G., & Winn, L. M. (1996) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409239609110574 · Cited by 160
Self-citationEnhanced expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human cells sustaining oxidative stress
Ursini, M. V., PARRELLA, A., Graziella, R. O. S. A., Salzano, S., & Martini, G. (1997) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3230801 · Cited by 153
Robinson, J. D., Bradley, R. M., & Brady, R. O. (1963) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)81294-7 · Cited by 153
The Biochemistry of Animal Development.
Repsis, L. C. (1968) · PubMed Central · Cited by 144
Glucose Metabolism By Rat Embryos in Vitro
Tanimura, T., & Shepard, T. H. (1970) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-135-34985 · Cited by 132
Glutathione peroxidase deficiency and childhood seizures
Weber, G. F., Maertens, P. M., Xu, M., & Pippenger, C. E. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)93130-2 · Cited by 126
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Mehta, A. B. (1994) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.70.830.871 · Cited by 122
Chen, E. Y., Cheng, A., Lee, A. L., Kuang, W.-J., Hillier, L., Green, P., Schlessinger, D., Ciccodicola, A., & D’Urso, M. (1991) · Genomics · doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90465-q · Cited by 110
Winn, L. M., & Wells, P. G. (1995) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0026-895x(25)10035-7 · Cited by 107
Self-citationOxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Jenner, P. G. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 106
Maternal administration of superoxide dismutase and catalase in phenytoin teratogenicity1
Winn, L. M., & Wells, P. G. (1999) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00193-2 · Cited by 104
Self-citationOxidative Stress and Antioxidative Status of Plasma and Erythrocytes in Patients with Vivax Malaria
Erel, Ö., Koçyiğit, A., Avci, S., Aktepe, N., & Bulut, V. (1997) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(97)00119-7 · Cited by 98
Metabolism of [14C]glucose by postimplantation mouse embryos in vitro
Clough, J., & Whittingham, D. G. (1983) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.74.1.133 · Cited by 97
Free Radical Intermediates of Phenytoin and Related Teratogens
Parman, T., Chen, G., & Wells, P. G. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25079 · Cited by 95
Self-citationStudy of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase: History and molecular biology
Beutler, E. (1993) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.2830420111 · Cited by 91
Gänshirt, D., Smeets, F. W. M., Dohr, A., Walde, C., Steen, I., Lapucci, C., Falcinelli, C., Sant, R., Velasco, M. Z., Garritsen, H., et al. (1998) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000020854 · Cited by 84
5‐HT1receptors in migraine pathophysiology and treatment
Ferrari, M. D., & Saxena, P. R. (1995) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.1995.tb00087.x · Cited by 80
A new lease of life for an old enzyme
Martini, G., & Ursini, M. V. (1996) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.950180806 · Cited by 79
Dependence of plasmodial glutathione metabolism on the host cell
Eckman, J. R., & Eaton, J. W. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/278754a0 · Cited by 68
X-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency inMus musculus
Pretsch, W., Charles, D. J., & Merkle, S. (1988) · Biochemical Genetics · doi:10.1007/bf00555491 · Cited by 65
Atlas of avian hematology / Alfred M. Lucas, Casimir Jamroz.
Lucas, A. M., & Jamroz, C. (1961) · U.S. Dept. of Agriculture eBooks · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.6392 · Cited by 65
Hemolytic Jaundice Due to G6PD Deficiency Causing Kernicterus in a Female Newborn
Washington, E., ECTOR, W., ABBOUD, M., Ohning, B. L., & HOLDEN, K. (1995) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/00007611-199507000-00019 · Cited by 63
Variable patterns of malformation in the mouse fetal hydantoin syndrome
Finnell, R. H., & Chernoff, G. F. (1984) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320190307 · Cited by 59
Glucose Catabolism in Fetal and Adult Heart
Jolley, R. L., Cheldelin, V. H., & Newburgh, R. W. (1958) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)49328-3 · Cited by 51
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the brain of the developing chick
Burt, A. M., & Wenger, B. S. (1961) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/0012-1606(61)90011-2 · Cited by 49
Aksu, O., Mackler, B. F., Shepard, T. H., & Lemire, R. J. (1968) · Teratology · doi:10.1002/tera.1420010110 · Cited by 48
Incidence and causes of sepsis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient newborn infants
Abu‐Osba, Y. K., Mallouh, A. A., & Hann, R. W. (1989) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80131-3 · Cited by 46
Sanders, S., Smith, D. P., Thomas, G. A., & Williams, E. D. (1997) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/s0027-5107(96)00222-9 · Cited by 42
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Sodeinde, O. (1992) · Baillière s Clinical Haematology · doi:10.1016/s0950-3536(11)80024-7 · Cited by 40
Yuthavong, Y., Bunyaratvej, A., & Kamchonwongpaisan, S. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 30
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in a Dog
Smith, J. E., Ryer, K., & Wallace, L. J. (2017) · Enzyme · doi:10.1159/000458882 · Cited by 30
Kim, P. M., & Wells, P. G. (1996) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0026-895x(25)08685-7 · Cited by 29
Self-citationFetal mortality in adult mice after superovulation with gonadotrophins
Edwards, R. G., & Fowler, R. E. (1959) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1401410206 · Cited by 28
Sequence of mouse glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNA
Zollo, M., D’Urso, M., Schlessinger, D., & Chen, E. Y. (1993) · DNA sequence · doi:10.3109/10425179309020830 · Cited by 27
Carbon monoxide and the embryo
Robkin, M. A. (1997) · The International Journal of Developmental Biology · doi:10.1387/ijdb.9184336 · Cited by 26
Kosower, N. S., & Kosower, E. (1970) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(70)92363-9 · Cited by 18
Comparison of Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Embryologie Level of Neural Tube Defects
Graf, W. D., Олейник, О. А., Pippenger, C. E., Eder, D. N., Glauser, T. A., & SHURTLEFF, D. B. (1995) · European Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1066253 · Cited by 16
Levels of reduced TPN generating systems in chick embryos in ovo and in explants
Newburgh, R. W., Buckingham, B. J., & Herrmann, H. (1962) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(62)90048-6 · Cited by 14
Teratogenic effects of phenytoin on chick embryos
Singh, M., & Shah, G. L. (1989) · Teratology · doi:10.1002/tera.1420400507 · Cited by 11
Pregnancy: A genetically defined animal model of anembryonic pregnancy
West, J. D. (1993) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138249 · Cited by 11
Vererbbarer Glucose-6-Phosphatdehydrogenasemangel in den Erythrocyten von Ratten
Werth, G., & Muller, G. H. (1967) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01747608 · Cited by 9
The nucleated erythrocyte: a model of cell differentiation.
Sinclair, G., & Brasch, K. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 7
The catabolism of glucose in soluble adult and fetal-heart preparations
Jolley, R. L., Cheldelin, V. H., & Newburgh, R. W. (1959) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta · doi:10.1016/0006-3002(59)90498-6 · Cited by 4
Beutler, E. (1986) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-772640-3.50005-6 · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Wells P. G., 1996, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology: Drug Toxicity in Embryonic Development, 453
- Luzzatto L., 1995, The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease, 3367
- Winn L. M., 1995, Free radical‐mediated mechanisms of anticonvulsant teratogenicity, Eur. J. Neurol., 2, 5
- Laposa R. R., 1995, Preliminary evaluation of phenytoin teratogenicity in transgenic mice deficient in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 15, 161
- Laposa R. R., 1996, Enhanced phenytoin embryopathy in p53‐deficient mice: characterisation of embryonic p53 genotype and the p53, p21 and Bax DNA damage response proteins, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 30, 195
- Mayes P.A., 1996, Harper's Biochemistry, 216
- Werth G., 1967, Inheritable glucose‐6‐phos‐phate dehydrogenase deficiency in erythrocytes of rats, Klin. Wochenschr., 45, 265
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction
Agarwal, A., Gupta, S., & Sharma, R. K. (2005) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1477-7827-3-28 · Cited by 1,729
Rai, R., & Regan, L. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69204-0 · Cited by 1,227
Onset of Maternal Arterial Blood Flow and Placental Oxidative Stress
Jauniaux, E., Watson, A. L., Hempstock, J., Bao, Y.-P., Skepper, J. N., & Burton, G. J. (2000) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64849-3 · Cited by 1,057
Burton, G. J., & Jauniaux, E. R. M. (2010) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2010.10.016 · Cited by 1,028
Al-Gubory, K. H., Fowler, P., & Garrel, C. (2010) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2010.06.001 · Cited by 825
Metadata
- Authors
- NICOL, C. J., ZIELENSKI, J., TSUI, L., & WELLS, P. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- WELLS, PETER G.
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 111-127
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W1535461485
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Society of Toxicology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Keywords
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, phenytoin, fetal resorption, fetal death, congenital malformations, cytoprotection, pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, DNA Damage, Embryo, Mammalian, Female, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Heterozygote, Homozygote, Mice, Mutant Strains, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Teratogens, DNA Primers, Oxidative Stress, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review