Microgravity during spaceflight directly affects in vitro osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption
Abstract
During space flight, severe losses of bone mass are observed. Both bone formation and resorption are probably involved, but their relative importance remains unclear. The purpose of this research is to understand the role of osteoclasts and their precursors in microgravity-induced bone loss. Three experiments on isolated osteoclasts (OCs) and on their precursors, OSTEO, OCLAST, and PITS, were launched in the FOTON-M3 mission. The OSTEO experiment was conducted for 10 d in microgravity within bioreactors with a perfusion system, where the differentiation of precursors, cultured on a synthetic 3-dimensional bonelike biomaterial, skelite, toward mature OCs was assessed. In OCLAST and in PITS experiments, differentiated OCs were cultured on devitalized bovine bone slices for 4 d in microgravity. All of the experiments were replicated on ground in the same bioreactors, and OCLAST also had an inflight centrifuge as a control. Gene expression in microgravity, compared with ground controls, demonstrated a severalfold increase in genes involved in osteoclast maturation and activity. Increased bone resorption, proved by an increased amount of collagen telopeptides released VS ground and centrifuge control, was also found. These results indicate for the first time osteoclasts and their precursors as direct targets for microgravity and mechanical forces.
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In bioreactor cultures flown for 10 days on FOTON-M3, microgravity increased by several-fold the expression of genes involved in osteoclast activation and function, and osteoclast bone resorption was increased as evidenced by increases in collagen telopeptide production compared to ground controls.
“They found that microgravity increased by several-fold the expression of genes involved in osteoclast activation and function; osteoclast bone resorption was also increased as evidenced by increases in collagen telopeptide production as compared to that of ground controls [62].”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Conditions of microgravity and simulated microgravity decrease the mineral content and cortical and trabecular microstructures of bone.
“conditions of microgravity and simulated microgravity decrease the mineral content and cortical and trabecular microstructures of bone”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Conditions of microgravity and simulated microgravity increase osteoclast secretion of sclerostin.
“increase osteoclast secretion of sclerostin”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Conditions of microgravity and simulated microgravity decrease osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast secretion of OPG.
“decrease osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast secretion of OPG”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Conditions of microgravity and simulated microgravity increase osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and expression of regulatory and osteoclast-specific genes.
“increase osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and expression of regulatory and osteoclast-specific genes”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Cites
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Blaber, E. A., Dvorochkin, N., Lee, C., Alwood, J. S., Yousuf, R., Pianetta, P., Globus, R. K., Burns, B. P., & Almeida, E. A. C. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061372 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Microgravity control of autophagy modulates osteoclastogenesis
Sambandam, Y., Townsend, M. T., Pierce, J. J., Lipman, C. M., Haque, A., Bateman, T. A., & Reddy, S. V. (2014) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2014.01.004 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Osteoprotegerin is an effective countermeasure for spaceflight-induced bone loss in mice
Lloyd, S. A., Morony, S. E., Ferguson, V. L., Simske, S. J., Stodieck, L. S., Warmington, K. S., Livingston, E. W., Lacey, D. L., Kostenuik, P. J., & Bateman, T. A. (2015) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.021 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Smith, J. K. (2020) · Life · doi:10.3390/life10090207 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tamma, R., Colaianni, G., Camerino, C., Di Benedetto, A., Greco, G., Strippoli, M., Vergari, R., Grano, A., Mancini, L., Mori, G., Colucci, S., Grano, M., & Zallone, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology University of Bari Medical School Bari Italy
- ORCID
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-03-27
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2549-2554
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2065699183
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
- European Space Agency
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Keywords
- microgravity, osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, osteoclast precursors, spaceflight bone loss, osteoclast maturation, gene expression, collagen telopeptides, mechanical forces
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Bone Resorption, Cattle, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Osteoclasts, Space Flight, Stem Cells, Weightlessness, Gene Expression, DNA, Complementary, Weightlessness Simulation, Bioreactors, Mice, In Vitro Techniques
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