The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Albumin Synthesis Rates Are Not Decreased in Hypoalbuminemic Cachectic Cancer Patients With an Ongoing Acute-Phase Protein Response
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether suppression of albumin synthesis contributes to the hypoalbuminemia observed in weight-losing cancer patients with evidence of an ongoing acute-phase protein response (APPR). BACKGROUND DATA: Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are known to downregulate albumin synthesis and increase acute-phase protein production in isolated hepatocytes. However, whether albumin synthesis is suppressed in hypoalbuminemic cancer patients with evidence of an ongoing acute-phase response is unknown. METHODS: Albumin synthesis rates were determined in six healthy controls and in six weight-losing pancreatic cancer patients with an ongoing APPR using a flooding dose technique with [2H5]-phenylalanine. The presence of an APPR was defined as a serum C-reactive protein concentration >10 mg/L. Serum cytokines (TNF, IL-6) and soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R 55 and 75), along with serum cortisol and insulin, were also measured in both groups. RESULTS: Cancer patients had reduced serum albumin (median 32 [range, 23-36] vs. 42 g/L [40-45]; p < 0.01) and increased serum C-reactive protein concentrations (72 [23-126] vs. <5 mg/L; p < 0.01) when compared with controls. TNF was not detected in either group. sTNF-R 55 levels were significantly elevated in the cancer patients (3.8 [1.9-8.1] vs. 1.2 pg/mL [0.9-2.2]; p < 0.01). Circulating IL-6, insulin, and cortisol concentrations were not significantly different between the groups. The intravascular albumin mass was lower (88 [56-93] vs. 133 g [105-177]; p < 0.01), but the intravascular albumin fractional synthetic rate was higher (13.9 [13.5-18.5] vs. 10.3%/d [71-11.3]; p < 0.01) in the cancer patients compared with the controls. The total intravascular albumin synthetic rate was, however, similar between the two groups (12.7 [7.7-15.7] vs. 11.7 g/d [8.5-18.7]; p NS). CONCLUSIONS: In weight-losing pancreatic cancer patients with evidence of an ongoing APPR, hypoalbuminemia is not caused by a decreased rate of albumin synthesis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, in most disease states in which synthesis rates have been measured, fractional synthesis rate (FSR) in plasma has been reported to be normal or mildly increased (Table 1).63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71”
From Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance (2019) · cites this paper as [66]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In clinical practice, all acutely ill or (surgically) traumatized patients have low serum albumin levels.66, 67, 68, 69, 98, 99, 100”
From Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance (2019) · cites this paper as [66]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Intravenous Fluids and Acute Kidney Injury
Ding, X., Cheng, Z., & Qian, Q. (2017) · Blood Purification · doi:10.1159/000452702 · Cited by 6,869
Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green
Doumas, B. T., Watson, W. A., & Biggs, H. G. (1971) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0009-8981(71)90365-2 · Cited by 3,103
Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green
Doumas, B. T., Watson, W. A., & Biggs, H. G. (1997) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(96)06447-9 · Cited by 2,774
INCREASED VASCULAR PERMEABILITY: A MAJOR CAUSE OF HYPOALBUMINAEMIA IN DISEASE AND INJURY
Fleck, A., Hawker, F., Wallace, P. I., Raines, G., Trotter, J., Ledingham, I. M., & Calman, K. C. (1985) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91447-3 · Cited by 898
Zee, K. J. V., Kohno, T., Fischer, E., Rock, C. S., Moldawer, L. L., & Lowry, S. F. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.11.4845 · Cited by 845
Castell, J. V., Gómez-Lechón, M. J., David, M., Fabra, R., Trullenque, R., & Heinrich, P. C. (1990) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840120517 · Cited by 759
Gibson, J. G., & Evans, W. A. (1937) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci100859 · Cited by 433
Falconer, J. S., Fearon, K. C. H., Plester, C. E., Ross, J. A., & Carter, D. C. (1994) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/00000658-199404000-00001 · Cited by 415
Self-citationReeds, P. J., Fjeld, C. R., & Jahoor, F. (1994) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/124.6.906 · Cited by 338
Goldie, A. S. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.274.2.172 · Cited by 294
Costelli, P., Carbó, N., Tessitore, L., Bagby, G. J., López-Soriano, F. J., Argilés, J. M. A., & Baccino, F. M. (1993) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci116897 · Cited by 289
The mechanisms and treatment of weight loss in cancer
Fearon, K. C. H. (1992) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1079/pns19920036 · Cited by 165
Self-citationTumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits albumin gene expression in a murine model of cachexia.
Brenner, D. A., Buck, M., Feitelberg, S. P., & Chojkier, M. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114419 · Cited by 155
Körner, A., & Debro, J. R. (1956) · Nature · doi:10.1038/1781067a0 · Cited by 141
Fearon, K. C. H., McMillan, D. C., PRESTON, T., Winstanley, F. P., Cruickshank, A., & Shenkin, A. (1991) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/00000658-199101000-00005 · Cited by 140
Self-citationExpression and function of P-glycoprotein in a mouse kidney cell line
Ernest, S., & Bello-Reuss, E. N. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.2.c323 · Cited by 126
Mechanisms of experimental cancer cachexia. Local involvement of IL-1 in colon-26 tumor
Strassmann, G., Masui, Y., Chizzonite, R., & Fong, M. (1993) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.150.6.2341 · Cited by 112
Rothschild, M. A., Oratz, M., & Schreiber, S. S. (1972) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197204132861505 · Cited by 103
Ballmer, P. E., Ochsenbein, A. F., & Schütz-Hofmann, S. (1994) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(94)90117-1 · Cited by 101
Measurement of albumin synthesis in humans: a new approach employing stable isotopes
Ballmer, P. E., McNurlan, M. A., Milne, E., Heys, S. D., Buchan, V., Calder, A. G., & Garlick, P. J. (1990) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1990.259.6.e797 · Cited by 100
Yasumoto, K., Mukaida, N., Harada, A., Kuno, K., Akiyama, M., Nakashima, E., Fujioka, N., Mai, M., Kasahara, T., & Fujimoto-Ouchi, K. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 88
Insulin and counterregulatory hormones influence acute-phase protein production in human hepatocytes
O'Riordain, M. G., Ross, J. A., Fearon, K. C. H., Maingay, J. P., Farouk, M., Garden, O. J., & Carter, D. C. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.2.e323 · Cited by 86
Self-citationThorotrast-induced cancer in man
Baserga, R., Yokoo, H., & Henegar, G. C. (1960) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(196009/10)13:5 · Cited by 81
Kowalski-Saunders, P., Winwood, P. J., Arthur, M. J. P., & Wright, R. (1992) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840160320 · Cited by 45
Maguire, G. F., Lee, M., & Connelly, P. W. (1989) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38334-6 · Cited by 40
Slater, C., Preston, T., McMillan, D. C., Falconer, J. S., & Fearon, K. C. H. (1995) · Journal of Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/jms.1190300917 · Cited by 39
Self-citationPietrangelo, A., & Shafritz, D. A. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.182 · Cited by 23
Protein synthesis in cancer patients with inflammatory response: investigations with [15N]glycine.
McMillan, D. C., Preston, T., Fearon, K. C. H., Burns, H. J. G., Slater, C., & Shenkin, A. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 23
Self-citationDahn, M. S., Hsu, C. J., Lange, M. P., & Jefferson, L. S. (1994) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(94)90080-9 · Cited by 15
Lipton (1995) · Pure Amsterdam UMC · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19950415)75:8 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Yasumoto, 1995, Cancer Res, 55, 921
- Fearon, 1991, urg, 213, 26
- McMillan, 1994, Nutrition, 10, 232
- Ballmer, 1990, Am J Physiol, 259, E797
- Preston, 1987, Inst Phys Sci Med, 60-, 69
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Ljungqvist, O. H., Scott, M. J., & Fearon, K. C. H. (2017) · JAMA Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.4952 · Cited by 3,689
Self-citationHypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance
Soeters, P. B., Wolfe, R. R., & Shenkin, A. (2019) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpen.1451 · Cited by 1,448
POOR NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND INFLAMMATION: Serum Albumin: Relationship to Inflammation and Nutrition
Don, B. R., & Kaysen, G. A. (2004) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/j.0894-0959.2004.17603.x · Cited by 1,423
Cancer Cachexia: Mediators, Signaling, and Metabolic Pathways
Fearon, K. C. H., Glass, D. J., & Guttridge, D. C. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.06.011 · Cited by 1,244
Self-citationLevitt, D., & Levitt, M. (2016) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s102819 · Cited by 763
Metadata
- Authors
- Fearon, K. C. H., Falconer, J. S., Slater, C., McMillan, D. C., Ross, J. A., & Preston, T.
- Affiliations
- Edinburgh Royal Infirmary (GB)
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (GB)
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Fearon, Kenneth C. H.
- Falconer, J. Stuart
- Ross, James A.
- Venue
- Annals of Surgery
- Published
- 1998-02
- Volume
- 227
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 249-254
- ISSN
- 0003-4932 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1191243
- OpenAlex
- W2068129622
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 7.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annals of Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Keywords
- hypoalbuminemia, cancer cachexia, pancreatic cancer, TNF-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, inflammatory cytokines, weight loss, phenylalanine
- MeSH terms
- Acute-Phase Proteins, Acute-Phase Reaction, Aged, Albumins, Cachexia, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Plasma Volume, Serum Albumin, Cytokines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
