Cited by 1,123Child Abuse and TraumaPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Therapy and Development

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A Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial for Children With Sexual Abuse–Related PTSD Symptoms

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Cohen, Judith A., Deblinger, Esther, Mannarino, Anthony P., Steer, Robert A.·2004·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

DOI 10.1097/00004583-200404000-00005PMC PMC1201422

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Abstract

Objective To examine the differential efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and child-centered therapy for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related emotional and behavioral problems in children who have suffered sexual abuse.Method Two hundred twenty-nine 8- to 14-year-old children and their primary caretakers were randomly assigned to the above alternative treatments. These children had significant symptoms of PTSD, with 89% meeting full DSM-IV PTSD diagnostic criteria. More than 90% of these children had experienced traumatic events in addition to sexual abuse.Results A series analyses of covariance indicated that children assigned to TF-CBT, compared to those assigned to child-centered therapy, demonstrated significantly more improvement with regard to PTSD, depression, behavior problems, shame, and abuse-related attributions. Similarly, parents assigned to TF-CBT showed greater improvement with respect to their own self-reported levels of depression, abuse-specific distress, support of the child, and effective parenting practices.Conclusions This study adds to the growing evidence supporting the efficacy of TF-CBT with children suffering PTSD as a result of sexual abuse and suggests the efficacy of this treatment for children who have experienced multiple traumas.

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Takazawa, T. (2015) · SOPHIA (St. Catherine University) · Cited by 5
The top-100 cited articles on post-traumatic stress disorder: a historical bibliometric analysis
Mendlowicz, M. V., Gekker, M., de Araújo, A. X. G., Oliveira, L., Pereira, M. G., Berger, W., Luz, M. P., Vilete, L. M. P., Marques‐Portella, C., Figueira, I. L. D. V., et al. (2022) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2022.2147555 · Cited by 5
“…subfield publications on PTSD, ten were randomized clinical trials (RCT) with trauma-focused psychological interventions (Cloitre et al., 2002; Cohen et al., 2004; Foa et al., 1999, 2005, 1991; Marks et al., 1998; Monson et al., 2006; Resick et al., 2008, 2002; Schnurr et al., 2007).”
Background
Trauma‐Informed Care for Justice‐Involved Youth: A narrative review and synthesis
Hill, L., Barnett, J. E., Ward, J., Morton, A. R., & Schmidt, A. (2023) · Juvenile and Family Court Journal · doi:10.1111/jfcj.12236 · Cited by 6
Stepping Together for Children After Trauma (ST-CT): Feasibility and Predictors of Outcome of a Parent-led, Therapist Assisted Treatment
Ormhaug, S. M., Skjærvø, I., Dyrdal, G. M., Fagermoen, E. M., Haabrekke, K., Jensen, T. K., Knutsen, M., Næss, A., Päivärinne, H. M., & Martinsen, M. (2024) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-024-01199-5 · Cited by 5
“The workbook is based on the Preschool PTSD Treatment (Scheeringa, 2016; Scheeringa et al., 2011) and builds on the empirically supported principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for posttraumatic stress (e.g., Cohen et al., 2004; Scheeringa et al., 2011).”
Method
Cognitive-behavioural therapy for children and adolescents
O’Connor, T. G., & Creswell, C. (2005) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1383/psyt.2005.4.9.123 · Cited by 5
An Examination of the CROPS and BASC-2-SRP-A among Adjudicated Youth
Perkins, A., Calhoun, G. B., & Glaser, B. A. (2014) · Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice · doi:10.1080/15228932.2014.918475 · Cited by 5
Efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing beyond complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A case study of EMDR in Pakistan.
Bilal, M., Rana, M. H., & Khan, S. (2015) · The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences · doi:10.5455/jnbs.1430056405 · Cited by 5
“Cohen et al., 2004) consists of multiple components, including: trauma narrative, in vivo mastery of trauma reminders, affect modulation, cognitive processing, psycho-education, relaxation, parenting skills and enhancing safety, healthy sexuality, and future development (Cohen et al., 2007).”
Background
Social workers’ views on pre-trial therapy in cases of child sexual abuse in South Africa
Fouché, A., & Roux, L. L. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.09.008 · Cited by 5
Victimización Sexual en la Infancia e Intervención Basada en la Evidencia:
Kanter, B., & Pereda, N. (2020) · Revista de Psicoterapia · doi:10.33898/rdp.v31i115.313 · Cited by 5
The Change in Parental Symptoms and Dysfunctional Cognitions in the Course of Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Sustainability Until One-Year Post-Treatment
Tutus, D., Pfeiffer, E., Plener, P. L., Rosner, R., Bernheim, D., & Sachser, C. (2020) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2020.0097 · Cited by 5
“…et al. 2001), abuse-speciﬁc distress (Deblinger et al. 2011), PTSD (Deblinger et al. 2001; Cohen et al. 2004a, 2006b; Nixon et al. 2012), depression (Cohen et al. 2004a, 2004b, 2007; Deblinger et al. 2011; Nixon et al. 2012; Holt et al. 2014; Tutus et al. 2017a; Neill et al. 2018), and parental…”
Influential
A Brief Depression and Anxiety Rating Scale for Sexual Violence Victims
Chae, S., Shin, J., Ji, D., Choi, J.-W., Lee, J., Hong, M., Park, T. W., Kim, K. M., Lee, S., Kim, S. Y., et al. (2021) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2020.0390 · Cited by 5
Identifying treatment moderators of a trauma-informed parenting intervention with children in foster care: Using model-based recursive partitioning
Chung, G., Ansong, D., Brevard, K. C., & Chen, D. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105065 · Cited by 5
Treating Children and Adolescents in the Aftermath of Sexual Abuse
Pollio, E., Glickman, A. R., Behl, L. E., & Deblinger, E. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387759-8.00015-5 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
Administration of Childhood Physical and Childhood Sexual Abuse Screens in Adolescents and Young Adults: a Literature Review
Díaz, Á., & Peake, K. (2017) · Annals of Global Health · doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2017.10.016 · Cited by 5
Empirically Supported Treatment Options for Children and Adolescents with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Integrating Network Models and Treatment Components
Weems, C. F., & Neill, E. L. (2020) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-020-00206-y · Cited by 5
Trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy.
Little, S. G., & Akin‐Little, A. (2019) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/0000126-021 · Cited by 5
A statewide training of community clinicians to treat traumatized youths involved with child welfare.
Miron, D., & Scheeringa, M. S. (2018) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/ser0000317 · Cited by 5
Cognitive‐behavioral therapy, behavioral therapy, and related treatments in children
Kendall, P. C., Peterman, J. S., & Cummings, C. M. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118381953.ch38 · Cited by 6
Commentary on ‘Cognitive‐behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused’
McCrory, E. J. P. (2007) · Evidence-Based Child Health A Cochrane Review Journal · doi:10.1002/ebch.187 · Cited by 5
Synthesis of Research and Resources to Support at-Risk YouthPreprint
Zielewski, E. H., Ball, E., Koball, H. L., Dion, R., Gothro, A., Bardos, M., Dworsky, A., Stagner, M. W., Korom-Djakovic, D., Herrera, C., et al. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Trauma in Schools (CBITS), and Other Promising Practices in the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Evidence Evaluation
Syros, I., Karantzali, A., & Anastassiou‐Hadjicharalambous, X. (2022) · OBM Neurobiology · doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204146 · Cited by 6
A wellbeing program to promote mental health in paediatric burn patients: Study protocol
Wickens, N., McGivern, L., Belinelo, P. D. G., Milroy, H., Martin, L. J., Wood, F. M., Bullman, I., van Rensburg, E. J., & Woolard, A. J. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294237 · Cited by 4
Trauma-Informed Strategies in Pediatric Primary Care
Forkey, H. C., & Griffin, J. (2024) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2024.07.016 · Cited by 5
Non-pharmacological interventions for depression among survivors of adverse childhood experiences: A meta-analysis
El-Refaay, S. M. M., Wang, S., & Park, M. (2021) · Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2021.05.001 · Cited by 4
Effects of child trauma screening on trauma‐informed multidisciplinary evaluation and service planning in the child welfare system
Connell, C. M., Swanson, A. S., Genovese, M., & Lang, J. M. (2024) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.23001 · Cited by 5
Feasibility Trial of a Newly Developed Brief Psychological Trauma Intervention for Children Surviving Sexual Abuse in India
Choudhary, V., Satapathy, S. S., & Sagar, R. (2024) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2024.2319668 · Cited by 4
“Out of various forms of existing interventions, Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is the most effective and is an evidence-based treatment (Cohen et al., 2004).”
Background
Influencia de una intervención grupal para madres en el cambio psicoterapéutico de sus hijos/as víctimas de agresiones sexuales
Zavala, P. Á., Socorro, A., & Sepúlveda, C. C. (2012) · Revista de psicología · doi:10.5354/0719-0581.2012.25836 · Cited by 4
Differential Effects of an Evolutionary-Based EMDR Therapy on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Case Series Study
Krupnik, V. (2018) · Journal of EMDR Practice and Research · doi:10.1891/1933-3196.12.2.46 · Cited by 4
Os Prejuízos causados à Saúde Mental e à vida sexual adulta das mulheres vítimas de Abuso Sexual na infância / The Injuries caused to Mental Health and the adult sexual life of victims of Sexual Abuse in the childhood
Siebra, D. X., Barroso, M. L., de Melo, A. M. D., Landim, J. M. M., & de Oliveira, G. F. (2019) · ID on line REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA · doi:10.14295/idonline.v13i46.1890 · Cited by 4
“…são úteis na diminuição dos impactos negativos psicossociais apresentados pelos menores abusados, colaborando na diminuição da ansiedade, do estresse pós-traumático, dos quadros de depressão e problemas comportamentais e sexuais (ARELLANO et al., 2014, MACDONALD et al., 2012, COHEN et al., 2004).”
Background
Specialized trauma outpatient clinic experience in child and adolescent psychiatry (tur)
Ünver, H., & Karakaya, İ. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.5505/kpd.2019.36025 · Cited by 4

Authors: Cohen, J. A., Deblinger, E., Mannarino, A. P., & Steer, R. A.
Affiliations: Allegheny General Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Cohen, Judith A.
ORCID: Cohen, Judith A.
Deblinger, Esther
Venue: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-04
Volume: 43
Issue: 4
Pages: 393-402
ISSN: 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200404000-00005
PMC: PMC1201422
OpenAlex: W1987755633
Semantic Scholar: e7e2575d79a4663a3567a3968e82ee3b300677a3
Cited by: 1,123
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 108 · 2015: 90 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 77 · 2012: 66
FWCI: 42.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: NIMH (R10 MH55963, R10 MH56224)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Therapy and Development
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, child sexual abuse, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, child-centered therapy, depression, behavioral problems, shame, parental depression, parenting practices, polytrauma, children
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Female, Humans, Male, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

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A Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial for Children With Sexual Abuse–Related PTSD Symptoms

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