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Reasoning in Deluded Schizophrenic and Paranoid Patients: Biases in Performance on a Probabilistic Inference Task
Abstract
An experiment is described in which deluded subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or of delusional disorder (paranoia) were compared with a nondeluded psychiatric control group and a normal control group on a probabilistic inference task. Factors relevant to belief formation and maintenance were investigated. Deluded subjects requested less information before reaching a decision and were more ready to change their estimates of the likelihood of an event when confronted with potentially disconfirmatory information. No differences were found between the two diagnostic groups of deluded subjects. The results are discussed in light of prevailing theories of the importance of abnormal experience rather than reasoning biases in the formation and maintenance of delusional beliefs. It is suggested that a reasoning abnormality is involved, which may coexist with perceptual abnormalities.
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Citations
Cited by
Kapur, S. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13 · Cited by 2,813
Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: A quantitative review of the evidence.
Heinrichs, R. W., & Zakzanis, K. K. (1998) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.12.3.426 · Cited by 2,798
Freeston, M. H., Rhéaume, J., Letarte, H., Dugas, M. J., & Ladouceur, R. (1994) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(94)90048-5 · Cited by 1,731
Neurobiology of emotion perception II: implications for major psychiatric disorders
Phillips, M. L., Drevets, W. C., Rauch, S. L., & Lane, R. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00171-9 · Cited by 1,736
Perceiving is believing: a Bayesian approach to explaining the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Fletcher, P. C., & Frith, C. D. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2536 · Cited by 1,462
Metadata
- Authors
- GARETY, P. A., HEMSLEY, D. R., & WESSELY, S.
- Venue
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 179
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 194-201
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040634382
- Cited by
- 597
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Reasoning in Deluded Schizophrenic and Paranoid Patients: Biases in Performance on a Probabilistic Inference Task. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/00005053-199104000-00003
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- GARETY, P. A., HEMSLEY, D. R., & WESSELY, S. (1991). Reasoning in Deluded Schizophrenic and Paranoid Patients: Biases in Performance on a Probabilistic Inference Task. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199104000-00003
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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