Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Treatment Outcome in Opioid Abusers Entering Treatment
Abstract
Symptoms of DSM-IV attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were determined in patients entering methadone maintenance treatment. The relationship of ADHD to psychiatric and substance abuse comorbidity, attention testing, and treatment outcome was analyzed; 19% of patients had a history of ADHD, and 88% of these had current symptoms. Continuous Performance Testing indicated poorer attention in patients with ADHD. The only substance use disorder more common in the ADHD group was clonidine. There was significantly more current axis I, dysthymic disorder, anxiety disorder (including social phobia), and antisocial personality disorder in the ADHD patients. There was no difference between groups at the 1-year follow-up for illicit drug use, treatment retention, or treatment performance. The ADHD diagnosis did not convey significant prognostic implications for methadone maintenance treatment. A strong psychiatric assessment and treatment focus in the treatment program may help to explain the good treatment outcome.
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Among opioid users, an ADHD prevalence of 16.8% was shown.
“among opioid users, an ADHD prevalence of 16.8% was shown [22].”
From Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Populations: Meta-Analysis. (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
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References 34 · Cited by 111
- Authors
- KING, V. L., BROONER, R. K., KIDORF, M. S., STOLLER, K. B., & MIRSKY, A. F.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
- Published
- 1999-08
- Volume
- 187
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 487-495
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033140135
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r03mh055013-01)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R03 MH 55013)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50-DA-0-5273, P50DA005273)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, opioid use disorder, methadone maintenance treatment, treatment outcomes, psychiatric comorbidity, substance use comorbidity, clonidine, attentional performance, continuous performance test, dysthymia, anxiety disorders, antisocial personality disorder, treatment retention, illicit drug use, prognostic factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ambulatory Care, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Mental Disorders, Clonidine, Cognition Disorders, Counseling, Female, Humans, Male, Methadone, Opioid-Related Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Prognosis, Comorbidity, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, Treatment Outcome
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