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Distribution Patterns of Sensory Innervation from the Trigeminal Ganglion to Cerebral Arteries in Rabbits Studied by Wheat Germ Agglutinin-conjugated Horseradish Peroxidase Anterograde Tracing
Abstract
Distribution patterns of sensory nerves from the trigeminal ganglion to cerebral arteries in rabbits were studied by the wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase anterograde tracing technique along with the 3,3',5,5'-teramethylbenzidine method. Labeled sensory nerves were densely distributed in whole-mount specimens of cerebral arteries after the injection of wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase into the trigeminal ganglion. The characteristics of the innervation in rabbits included: 1) cerebrovascular sensory nerves were more dense in the ipsilateral side than in the contralateral side; 2) the anterior cerebral artery was less densely innervated than the posterior cerebral artery; 3) labeled nerves on the proximal segment of arteries were more prominent than those on the distal segment. The smallest pial branches of the middle cerebral, posterior cerebral, and anterior inferior cerebellar arteries overlying the fine sensory nerves were 50, 75, and 80 microns in diameter, respectively. Two patterns of the sensory innervation were seen. A meshwork pattern was mainly observed in the circle of Willis and the proximal segments of its main branches, as well as in the upper two thirds of the basilar artery; a parallel or slightly twisted pattern was shown in the small pial arterioles. Our results in this study may be useful to understand better the trigeminocerebrovascular system.
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Sympathetic projections from the trigeminal ganglion that innervate the pial arteries likely play a less important role in vascular control during sleep.
“indirectly suggesting that the sympathetic projections from the trigeminal ganglion that innervates the pial arteries likely play a less important role in vascular control during sleep80,81”
From Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion drives glymphatic clearance during sleep (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion drives glymphatic clearance during sleep
Hauglund, N. L., Andersen, M., Tokarska, K., Radovanovic, T., Kjaerby, C., Sørensen, F. L., Bojarowska, Z., Untiet, V., Ballestero, S. B., Kolmos, M. G., et al. (2025) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.11.027 · Cited by 349
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Q.-J., Hara, H., & Kobayashi, S.
- Affiliations
- Shinshu University (JP)
- Venue
- Neurosurgery
- Published
- 1993-06
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 993???999
- ISSN
- 0148-396X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1969203196
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurosurgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Trigeminal Neuralgia and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
- Keywords
- sensory innervation, trigeminal ganglion, cerebral arteries, anterograde tracing, wheat germ agglutinin, horseradish peroxidase, pial arterioles, circle of Willis, basilar artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Axons, Cerebral Arteries, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Horseradish Peroxidase, Male, Nerve Fibers, Neurons, Rabbits, Sensory Receptor Cells, Trigeminal Ganglion, Wheat Germ Agglutinins, Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate
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