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Ovulation and Pregnancy Rates With Clomiphene Citrate
Abstract
A review of recent experience with clomiphene citrate at the Yale-New Haven Medical Center yields the following conclusions: 1) Clomiphene citrate administered at high doses (150 mg and 200 mg) is effective in inducing ovulation in women who would otherwise have failed to conceive if treatment were restricted to only lower dosage regimens. 2) Therapy with clomiphene citrate should be initiated with the 50-mg dose. The 100-mg dose should be reserved for those who fail with the lower dose. 3) Children resulting from clomiphene-induced ovulations appear to be developing normally both mentally and physically. Congenital malformations found in children from clomiphene-induced pregnancies are those seen commonly in general obstetric practice resulting in no significant problems for the children. 4) After 3 ovulations with clomiphene citrate approximately 50% of the patients can be expected to conceive. A 50% conception rate after 3 ovulations with clomiphene citrate does not represent a discrepancy between ovulation rates and pregnancy results, for it agrees statistically with the results obtained for the general population.
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“Clomiphene results in a 60%-85% ovulation rate and a 10%-20% pregnancy rate per cycle (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).”
From A randomized double-blind comparison of the effects of clomiphene citrate and the aromatase inhibitor letrozole on ovulatory function in normal women (2002) · cites this paper as [4]
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Fisher, S. A., Reid, R. L., Van Vugt, D. A., & Casper, R. F. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03241-7 · Cited by 347
Modern use of clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation
Κousta, E. (1997) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/3.4.359 · Cited by 327
“As previously mentioned, studies have shown an ovulation rate of 60–85% and a pregnancy rate of 30–40% (MacGregor et al., 1968; Garcia et al., 1977; Gorlitsky et al., 1978; Gysler et al., 1982; Hammond et al., 1984; Dickey et al., 1996).”
BackgroundImani, B., Eijkemans, M. J. C., te Velde, E. R., Habbema, J. D. F., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02929-6 · Cited by 262
Imani, B., Eijkemans, M. J. C., Velde, E. R. T., Habbema, J. D. F., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.7.4919 · Cited by 281
“40–50% of ovulatory women will conceive (3, 5).”
BackgroundThe agonistic-antagonistic properties of clomiphene: A review
Clark, J. H., & Markaverich, B. M. (1981) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/0163-7258(81)90055-3 · Cited by 220
Metadata
- Authors
- GORLITSKY, G. A., KASE, N. G., & SPEROFF, L.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Published
- 1978-03
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 265-269
- ISSN
- 0029-7844 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2167352241
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- clomiphene citrate, ovulation induction, pregnancy rate, dose-response relationship, infertility, congenital malformations, child development, ovulation rate
- MeSH terms
- Abnormalities, Drug-Induced, Adult, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Clomiphene, Female, Fetus, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Menstruation Disturbances, Ovulation, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy
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