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Soft-Tissue Facial Morphometry from 6 Years to Adulthood: A Three-Dimensional Growth Study Using a New Modeling

Ferrario, Virgilio F., Sforza, Chiarella, Poggio, Carlo E., Schmitz, Johannes H.·1999·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
DOI 10.1097/00006534-199903000-00002
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Abstract

A recently introduced three-dimensional computerized system with landmark representation of the soft-tissue facial surface allows noninvasive and fast quantitative study of facial growth. The aims of the present investigation were (1) to quantify growth changes in soft-tissue facial morphology, (2) to evaluate sex differences in growth patterns, and (3) to provide reference data for selected angular and linear measurements that could be of interest for the objective analysis of maxillofacial surgery or orthodontic patients. The three-dimensional coordinates of 22 standardized facial landmarks were automatically collected by automated infrared photogrammetry using the three-dimensional facial morphometry method in a mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional study, in which 2023 examinations were obtained in 1348 healthy nonpatient subjects between 6 years of age and young adulthood. Selected parameters (angles, linear distances, and ratios) were calculated and averaged for age and sex. Male values were compared with female values by means of Student's t test. Within each age group, linear distances were significantly larger in boys than in girls (p < 0.05) with some exceptions coinciding with the earlier female growth spurt, whereas angular measurements did not show a corresponding sexual dimorphism. Linear distances in girls had almost reached adult dimensions in the 12-to-13-year-old age group, whereas in boys a large increase was still to occur. This was most evident in the mi…

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Research works printed but not linked: 32

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Metadata

Authors
Ferrario, V. F., Sforza, C., Poggio, C. E., & Schmitz, J. H.
Venue
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1999-03
Volume
103
Issue
3
Pages
768-778
ISSN
0032-1052
DOI
10.1097/00006534-199903000-00002
Cited by
55
References
0
Language
en

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