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Clearing the Smoke: The Scientific Rationale for Tobacco Abstention with Plastic Surgery
Abstract
The use of tobacco is a significant contributor to preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States. A significant proportion of cardiovascular diseases, various oral and pulmonary neoplasms, nonmalignant respiratory diseases, and peripheral vascular disorders can be attributed to the use of cigarettes. Surgical outcomes can also be adversely affected as a result of cigarette smoking with intraoperative and postoperative pulmonary, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular complications as well as increased wound healing complications. These are found across the entire spectrum of surgical specialties. Tissue ischemia and wound-healing impairment secondary to the influence of tobacco is particularly problematic for the plastic surgeon, especially during elective facial aesthetic procedures, cosmetic and reconstructive breast operations, abdominoplasty, free-tissue transfer, and replantation procedures. By educating and providing guidelines to those patients who smoke and by refusing to operate on individuals who fail to abstain, tobacco-associated surgical morbidity in the plastic and reconstructive surgery patient can be eliminated. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108: 1063, 2001.)
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“Other components of cigarettes appear to reduce the deformability of erythrocytes, which is associated with endothelial lesions, thus blocking repair processes and promoting hypoxia and bacterial growth at the surgical site [51].”
From Skeletal System Biology and Smoke Damage: From Basic Science to Medical Clinic (2021) · cites this paper as [51]
Citations
Cites
Effect of Smoking on Complications in Patients Undergoing Free TRAM Flap Breast Reconstruction
Chang, D. W.-W., Reece, G. P., Wang, B., Robb, G. L., Miller, M. J., Evans, G. R. D., Langstein, H. N., & Kroll, S. S. (2000) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-200006000-00010 · Cited by 369
Tobacco Smoking and Complications in Elective Microsurgery
Reus, W. F., Colen, L. B., & Straker, D. J. (1992) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199203000-00016 · Cited by 106
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Davis, 1987, Haemostasis, 17, 66
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Metadata
- Authors
- Krueger, J. K., & Rohrich, R. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1063-1073
- ISSN
- 0032-1052 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4236742138
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications
- Keywords
- smoking abstinence, smoking, plastic surgery, reconstructive surgery, surgical complications, wound healing, tissue ischemia, facial aesthetic procedures, breast reconstruction, abdominoplasty, free flap, replantation, patient education
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