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Three-Dimensional X-ray Analysis of Normal Movement in the Lumbar Spine
Abstract
Biplanar radiography was used to assess the normal three-dimensional movements of the lumbar spine in the erect posture in a group of asymptomatic volunteers. The primary movements investigated were flexion and extension, while the three-dimensional analysis also measured any associated coupled lateral bends and axial rotations. The results showed that each intervertebral joint had a total range of flexion and extension of approximately 14 degrees, the lower levels moving slightly more than the upper levels. All the intervertebral joints had more movement in flexion than extension from the upright position, except for the L5/S1 joint, which showed no consistent pattern, some subjects extending more than flexing. Coupled movements of 4 degrees or more in flexion and 3 degrees or more in extension were shown to be abnormal.
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Citations
Cited by
Mannion, A. F., Knecht, K., Balaban, G., Dvorak, J., & Grob, D. (2004) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-003-0618-8 · Cited by 396
McGill, S. M. (1992) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0021-9290(92)90259-4 · Cited by 300
The effect of age on lumbar range of motion: A systematic review
Intolo, P., Milosavljevic, S., Baxter, D. G., Carman, A. B., Pal, P., & Munn, J. (2009) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2009.08.006 · Cited by 107
The influence of occupation on lumbar sagittal motion and posture
Milosavljevic, S., Milburn, P. D., & Knox, B. W. (2005) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140130500070848 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- PEARCY, M., PORTEK, I., & SHEPHERD, J.
- Venue
- Spine
- Published
- 1984-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 294-297
- ISSN
- 0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984683772
- Cited by
- 395
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Three-Dimensional X-ray Analysis of Normal Movement in the Lumbar Spine. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/00007632-198404000-00013
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- PEARCY, M., PORTEK, I., & SHEPHERD, J. (1984). Three-Dimensional X-ray Analysis of Normal Movement in the Lumbar Spine. Spine. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-198404000-00013
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
