The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Clinical phenotypes of asthma
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma is a phenotypically heterogeneous disorder and, over the years, many different clinical subtypes of asthma have been described. A precise definition of asthma phenotypes is now becoming more and more important, not only for a better understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, but in particular to ascertain the specific genes associated with these phenotypes. RECENT FINDINGS: In children, three asthma phenotypes are now well defined: transient infant wheezing, nonatopic wheezing of the toddler, and IgE-mediated wheezing/asthma. Recently, a fourth phenotype, late-onset childhood asthma has been added to this list. In adults, asthma persisting from childhood into adulthood should be distinguished from asthma starting in adulthood. The phenotypes of adult-onset asthma are still poorly defined. Until now, phenotypic classification has been based primarily on etiologic factors (eg, aspirin sensitivity, persistent respiratory infections, occupational factors, or toxic exposures) or clinical characteristics of the disease (eg, mild, severe, brittle, near fatal, with fixed airflow obstruction, steroid resistant). Novel noninvasive techniques to assess the type and severity of airway inflammation and dysfunction are increasingly used to identify better the different phenotypes. SUMMARY: The classic phenotype of IgE-mediated asthma starting in childhood is now clearly defined. However, many other phenotypes of asthma in childhood as well in adulthood are being recognized. In particular, asthma starting in adulthood and noneosinophilic asthma constitute an important part of the adult asthma population, and are still poorly defined. A precise definition of these asthma phenotypes is urgently needed because they are likely to be associated with different genotypes, responses to treatment, and prognoses.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Effect of Infections on Susceptibility to Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases
Bach, J.-F. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra020100 · Cited by 2,687
Environmental Exposure to Endotoxin and Its Relation to Asthma in School-Age Children
Braun-Fahrländer, C., Riedler, J., Herz, U., Eder, W., Waser, M., Grize, L., Maisch, S., Carr, D., Gerlach, F., Bufe, A., et al. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa020057 · Cited by 1,811
Allergy, Parasites, and the Hygiene Hypothesis
Yazdanbakhsh, M., Kremsner, P. G., & van Ree, R. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.296.5567.490 · Cited by 1,526
A 15-year follow-up study of ventilatory function in adults with asthma
Lange, P., Parner, J., Vestbo, J., Schnohr, P., & Jensen, G. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199810223391703 · Cited by 1,250
WENZEL, S. E., SCHWARTZ, L. B., LANGMACK, E. L., HALLIDAY, J. L., TRUDEAU, J. B., GIBBS, R. L., & CHU, H. W. (1999) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9812110 · Cited by 1,235
American thoracic society statement: occupational contribution to the burden of airway disease
(2003) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.167.5.787 · Cited by 874
Green, R. H. (2002) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thorax.57.10.875 · Cited by 848
Airway Structural Alterations Selectively Associated with Severe Asthma
Benayoun, L., Druilhe, A., Dombret, M.-C., Aubier, M., & Pretolani, M. (2003) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200209-1030oc · Cited by 800
Ownby, D. R. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.8.963 · Cited by 737
Strachan, D. P., Butland, B. K., & Anderson, H. R. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7040.1195 · Cited by 659
Cited by
Reddel, H. K., Taylor, D. R., Bateman, E. D., Boulet, L.-P., Boushey, H. A., Busse, W. W., Casale, T. B., Chanez, P., Enright, P. L., Gibson, P. G., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200801-060st · Cited by 1,918
Lebrikizumab Treatment in Adults with Asthma
Corren, J., Lemanske, R. F., Hanania, N. A., Korenblat, P. E., Parsey, M. V., Arron, J. R., Harris, J. M., Scheerens, H., Wu, L. C., Su, Z., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1106469 · Cited by 1,514
Eosinophils: Biological Properties and Role in Health and Disease
HOGAN, S. P., ROSENBERG, H. F., MOQBEL, R., PHIPPS, S., FOSTER, P. S., LACY, P., KAY, A. B., & ROTHENBERG, M. E. (2008) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.02958.x · Cited by 834
Johnson, J. B., Summer, W., Cutler, R. G., Martin, B., Hyun, D.-H., Dixit, V. D., Pearson, M., Nassar, M., Tellejohan, R., Maudsley, S., et al. (2007) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.12.005 · Cited by 604
Hanania, N. A., Korenblat, P., Chapman, K. R., Bateman, E. D., Kopecky, P., Paggiaro, P., Yokoyama, A., Olsson, J., Gray, S., Holweg, C. T. J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(16)30265-x · Cited by 469
Metadata
- Authors
- Bel, E. H.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 44-50
- ISSN
- 1070-5287 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2154761796
- Cited by
- 293
- References
- 61
- FWCI
- 8.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Clinical phenotypes of asthma. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/00063198-200401000-00008
- The paper
- Bel, E. H. (2004). Clinical phenotypes of asthma. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/00063198-200401000-00008
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
