Cited by 356Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesAlcohol Consumption and Health EffectsReproductive tract infections research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Is There an Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Sexually Transmitted Diseases? A Systematic Review

Cook, Robert L., Clark, Duncan B.·2005·Sexually Transmitted Diseases

DOI 10.1097/01.olq.0000151418.03899.97

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE/GOAL: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of published literature on the association between problematic alcohol consumption and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). DESIGN: Using a MEDLINE search (1995-2003) and article references, we identified articles that described measures of alcohol consumption and STDs and presented data on their association. For each eligible study, we classified the alcohol consumption measure as specific (problem drinking) or general, and examined study designs, study populations, STD measures, and results. RESULTS: Of 42 eligible studies, 11 included specific measures of problem drinking, of which 8 found a significant association between alcohol consumption and at least 1 STD. The relationship did not appear to vary according to gender or pattern of alcohol consumption assessed. CONCLUSIONS: The literature supports an overall association between problematic alcohol consumption and STDs, although their causal relationship cannot be determined with certainty from these observational studies. The findings have implications for prevention planners, clinicians, and individual patients at risk of STDs.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/01.olq.0000151418.03899.97

Cites

68 of 68 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The environment and disease: association or causation?
Hill, A. B. (2015) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/0141076814562718 · Cited by 7,804
The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation?
Hill, A. B. (1965) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/003591576505800503 · Cited by 6,974
Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV. Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.
Leigh, B., & Stall, R. (1993) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.48.10.1035 · Cited by 720
A gender-specific measure of binge drinking among college students.
Wechsler, H., Dowdall, G. W., Davenport, A. E., & Rimm, E. B. (1995) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.85.7.982 · Cited by 713
Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV: Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.
Leigh, B. C., & Stall, R. (1993) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.48.10.1035 · Cited by 589
"Broken windows" and the risk of gonorrhea
Cohen, D. A., Spear, S. E., Scribner, R. A., Kissinger, P., Mason, K. E., & Wildgen, J. K. (2000) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.90.2.230 · Cited by 513
Does Alcohol Lead to Sexual Risk Behavior? Findings from Event-Level Research
Weinhardt, L. S., & Carey, M. P. (2000) · Annual Review of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/10532528.2000.10559786 · Cited by 349
Understanding Acute Alcohol Effects on Sexual Behavior
George, W. H., & Stoner, S. A. (2000) · Annual Review of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/10532528.2000.10559785 · Cited by 305
Alcohol and Condom Use
Leigh, B. C. (2002) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200208000-00008 · Cited by 235
The Development And Use Of The Concept Of A Sexually Transmitted Disease Core
Thomas, J. C., & Tucker, M. J. (1996) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/174.supplement_2.s134 · Cited by 206
Measuring risks and outcomes in substance use disorders prevention research.
Clark, D., & Winters, K. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.6.1207 · Cited by 190
Self-citation
Decreasing incidence of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases in young Thai men
Celentano, D. D., Nelson, K. E., Lyles, C. M., Beyrer, C., Eiumtrakul, S., Go, V. F.-L., Kuntolbutra, S., & Khamboonruang, C. (1998) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/00002030-199805000-00004 · Cited by 185
Measuring risks and outcomes in substance use disorders prevention research.
Clark, D. B., & Winters, K. C. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.70.6.1207 · Cited by 180
Self-citation
No magic bullet
Brandt, A. M. (1985) · Cited by 169
High Prevalence and Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Urban Adolescent Females Despite Moderate Risk Behaviors
Bunnell, R. E., Dahlberg, L. L., Rolfs, R. T., Ransom, R., Gershman, K. A., FARSHY, C. E., Newhall, W. J., V, Schmid, S., Stone, K., & Louis, M. S. (1999) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/315080 · Cited by 129
Incidence and Prevalence of Chlamydia, Herpes, and Viral Hepatitis in a Homeless Adolescent Population
Noell, J. W., Rohde, P., Ochs, L., Yovanoff, P., Alter, M. J., Schmid, S., Bullard, J. C., & Black, C. M. (2001) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200101000-00003 · Cited by 120
Prevalence of Lower Genital Tract Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)--Seropositive and High-Risk HIV-Seronegative Women
Cu‐Uvin, S., Hogan, J. W., Warren, D., Klein, R. S., Peipert, J. F., Schuman, P. C., Holmberg, S. D., Anderson, J., Schoenbaum, E. E., Vlahov, D., et al. (1999) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313434 · Cited by 120
Alcohol's contribution to compromised immunity.
Szabó, G. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 118
Demographic and behavioral predictors of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among pregnant women. The Vaginal Infections and Prematurity Study Group.
Cotch, M. F., Pastorek, J. G., Nugent, R., De, Y., Dh, M., & Eschenbach, D. A. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 116
The influence of traits of disinhibition on the association between alcohol use and risky sexual behavior.
Justus, A. N., Finn, P. R., & Steinmetz, J. E. (2000) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04646.x · Cited by 116
Influence of alcohol and gender on immune response.
Kovacs, E. J., & Messingham, K. N. (2002) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 110
Behavioral risk factors for sexually transmitted disease in american households
Ericksen, K. P., & Trocki, K. F. (1992) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(92)90254-n · Cited by 101
Relationship Between Drug Use and Sexual Behaviors and the Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among High-Risk Male Youth
Shafer, M., Hilton, J. F., Ekstrand, M., Keogh, J. H., Gee, L., DiGIORGIO-HAAG, L., SHALWITZ, J., & Schachter, J. (1991) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199104000-00002 · Cited by 86
Unsuspected Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in Patients of an Urban Adult Emergency Department
Mehta, S. D., Rothman, R. E., Kelen, G. D., Quinn, T. C., & Zenilman, J. M. (2001) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200101000-00008 · Cited by 84
Alcohol and Other Substance Use in STD Clinic Patients
Zenilman, J. M., Hook, E. W., Shepherd, M., Smith, P., Rompalo, A. M., & Celentano, D. D. (1994) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199407000-00008 · Cited by 82
Association of Adolescents’ History of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) and Their Current High-Risk Behavior and STD Status
DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Sionéan, C., Crosby, R. A., Harrington, K., Davies, S. L., Hook, E. W., & Oh, M. K. (2002) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200209000-00002 · Cited by 80
Relationship Between Drug Use and Sexual Behaviors and the Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among High-Risk Male Youth
Shafer, M., Hilton, J. F., Ekstrand, M., Keogh, J. H., Gee, L., DiGIORGIO-HAAG, L., SHALWITZ, J., & Schachter, J. (1993) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199320060-00002 · Cited by 80
Sexually transmitted infections among HIV seropositive men and women
Kalichman, S. C. (2000) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.76.5.350 · Cited by 77
Spectrum of Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection in a Female Adolescent Population
Jamison, J., Kaplan, D. W., Hamman, R. F., Eagar, R., Beach, R. K., & Douglas, J. M. (1995) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199507000-00007 · Cited by 76
Predictors of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis: a prospective study of low income African-American adolescent females
Crosby, R. A. (2002) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.78.5.360 · Cited by 74
A Geographic Relation Between Alcohol Availability and Gonorrhea Rates
Scribner, R. A., Cohen, D. A., & Farley, T. A. (1998) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199811000-00009 · Cited by 73
Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Health Maintenance Organization Teen Clinic
Boyer, C. B., Shafer, M., Teitle, E., Wibbelsman, C. J., Seeberg, D., & Schachter, J. (1999) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.153.8.838 · Cited by 73
Gender differences in sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections among adults in Lima, Peru.
Sánchez, J., Gotuzzo, E., Escamilla, J., Carrillo Cardenas, C., Phillips, I. A., Barrios, C. H., Stamm, W. E., Ashley, R. L., Kreiss, J., & Holmes, K. K. (1996) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.86.8_pt_1.1098 · Cited by 67
Demographic and behavioural profile of adults infected with chlamydia: a case-control study
Radcliffe, K. W. (2001) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.77.4.265 · Cited by 65
Sex, Alcohol and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: A National Survey
Ericksen, K. P., & Trocki, K. F. (1994) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2135891 · Cited by 65
Factors Influencing Condom Use and STD Acquisition Among African American College Women
Lewis, L. M., Melton, R. S., Succop, P., & Rosenthal, S. L. (2000) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448480009596278 · Cited by 63
Risk Factors for Incident and Recurrent Condylomata Acuminata Among Women
Habel, L. A., Eeden, S. K. V. D., Sherman, K. J., McKnight, B., Stergachis, A. S., & Daling, J. R. (1998) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199807000-00003 · Cited by 63
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Female Prisoners in Brazil
Miranda, A. E., de Vargas, P. R. M., Louis, M. E. S., & Viana, M. C. (2000) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200010000-00001 · Cited by 59
Longitudinal prediction of sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents11The full text of this article is available via AJPM Online at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ajpmonline.
Crosby, R., Leichliter, J. S., & Brackbill, R. M. (2000) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00122-7 · Cited by 58
The associations between risk behaviour and reported history of sexually transmitted diseases, among young women: a population-based study
Jönsson, M., Karlsson, R., Rylander, E., GUSTAVSSON, Å., & Wadell, G. (1997) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1258/0956462971920659 · Cited by 51
Increased prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 among adolescent women with alcohol use disorders
Cook, R. L., Pollock, N. K., Rao, A. K., & Clark, D. B. (2002) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(01)00339-1 · Cited by 51
Self-citation
The Concept of Core and its Relevance to the Epidemiology and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Brunham, R. C. (1991) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199118020-00001 · Cited by 46
Behavioural and social characteristics of subjects with repeated sexually transmitted diseases.
Bjekić, M., Vlajinac, H., & Marinković, J. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 45
Correlates of Herpes Simplex Virus Seroprevalence Among Women Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
Austin, H. D., Macaluso, M., Nahmias, A. J., Lee, F. K., Kelaghan, J. W., Fleenor, M. E., & Hook, E. W. (1999) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199907000-00004 · Cited by 45
Incident sexually transmitted infections and their risk factors in an Aboriginal community in Australia: a population based cohort study
Miller, P. J. (2001) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.77.1.21 · Cited by 45
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Among At-Risk Women, Young Sex Workers, and Street Youth Attending Community Organizations in Quebec City, Canada
POULIN, C., Alary, M., Bernier, F., CARBONNEAU, D., Boily, M., & Joly, J. R. (2001) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-200108000-00002 · Cited by 43
The Relationship of Cocaine Use and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serostatus to Incident Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Women
Wilson, T. E., MINKOFF, H. L., DeHovitz, J. A., Feldman, J., & Landesman, S. H. (1998) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199802000-00003 · Cited by 43
Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence and sexual behaviour among female adolescents in Belgium
Vuylsteke, B., Vandenbruaene, M., Vandenbalcke, P., Dyck, E. V., & Laga, M. (1999) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.75.3.152 · Cited by 38
Chlamydial Infection and Unplanned Pregnancy in Women With Ready Access to Health Care
Thomas, A. G., Brodine, S. K., Shaffer, R., Shafer, M.-A., Boyer, C. B., Putnam, S., & Schachter, J. (2001) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01576-9 · Cited by 35
The Link Between the Use of Crack Cocaine and the Sexually Transmitted Diseases of a Clinic Population
Ellen, J. M., Langer, L. M., Zimmerman, R. S., Cabral, R. J., & Fichtner, R. (1996) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199611000-00013 · Cited by 34
Risk Factors for Incident and Recurrent Condylomata Acuminata Among Men
Eeden, S. K. V. D., Habel, L. A., Sherman, K. J., McKnight, B., Stergachis, A. S., & Daling, J. R. (1998) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199807000-00002 · Cited by 33
Sexually transmitted disease among married Zambian women: the role of male and female sexual behaviour in prevention and management.
MORRISON, C. S., Sunkutu, M. R., Musaba, E., & Glover, L. H. (1997) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.73.6.555 · Cited by 29
Dangerous liaisons: Substance abuse and sex
(1999) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e541002013-001 · Cited by 28
Genital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Pregnant Adolescents in East Tennessee: A 7-Year Case-Control Study
Chokephaibulkit, K., Patamasucon, P., List, M., Moore, B., & Rodríguez, H. (1997) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s1083-3188(97)70060-3 · Cited by 26
Epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis
Zhang, Z. (1996) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199609000-00013 · Cited by 25
Congenital Syphilis After Treatment of MaternalSyphilis With a Penicillin Regimen ExceedingCDC Guidelines
Conover, C. S., Rend, C. A., Miller, G. B., & Schmid, G. P. (1998) · Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-0997(1998)6:3 · Cited by 24
Risk factors for gonorrhoea: case-control study.
Bjekić, M., Vlajinac, H., Grujičić, S. Š., & Marinković, J. (1997) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.73.6.518 · Cited by 19
Risk factors for sexually transmitted disease amongst men in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Gwati, B., Guli, A., & Todd, C. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 18
Diet and Genital Warts
Bairati, I., Sherman, K. J., McKnight, B., Habel, L. A., Eeden, S. K. V. D., Stergachis, A. S., & Daling, J. R. (1994) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199405000-00004 · Cited by 18
Epidemiologic Risk Factors for Incident Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Young Thai Men
Celentano, D. D., Nelson, K. E., Suprasert, S., Eiumtrakul, S., Kuntolbutra, S., Beyrer, C., Zenilman, J. M., Wright, N. H., & Theetranont, C. (1996) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199605000-00007 · Cited by 18
Initial and repeat screening for chlamydia trachomatis during pregnancy
Allaire, A. D., Huddleston, J. F., Nathan, L., & Graves, W. (1997) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(97)80237-2 · Cited by 17
Chlamydial Infection and Unplanned Pregnancy in Women With Ready Access to Health Care
Thomas, A., Brodine, S. K., Shaffer, R. A., et al. (2001) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-200112000-00022 · Cited by 16
Sexually transmitted diseases amongst a sample of people seeking HIV testing.
Chetwynd, J., Chambers, A., & Hughes, A. J. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 10
Antibody to Haemophilus ducreyi Among Trucking Company Workers in Kenya
Rakwar, J. P., Jackson, D. J., MACLEAN, I., OBONGO, T., Bwayo, J. J., Smith, H., Mandaliya, K. N., MOSES, S., Ndinya‐Achola, J. O., & Kreiss, J. K. (1997) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199705000-00006 · Cited by 8
Alcohol intake and sexually transmitted diseases11The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the institutions with which they are associated.
Tüzün, B., Tüzün, Y., & Wolf, R. (1999) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0738-081x(99)00035-8 · Cited by 6
The prevalence of serological markers for syphilis amongst a sample of Spanish prostitutes
Estébanez, P. E., Zunzunegui, M. V., Grant, J., Fitch, K., Aguilar, M. D. J., Colomo, C., Pueyo, V., & Lorenzo, M. J. (1997) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1258/0956462971919048 · Cited by 5
Syphilis, gonorrhoea, and drug abuse among pregnant women in Jefferson County, Alabama, US, 1980-94: monitoring trends through systematically collected health services data
Ebrahim, S. H., Andrews, W. W., Zaidi, A. A., Levine, W. C., DuBard, M. B., & Goldenberg, R. L. (1999) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.75.5.300 · Cited by 5
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN ALCOHOLIC INDULGENCE AND VENEREAL DISEASE.
(2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.23.2952 · Cited by 2

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Tuzun, 1999, Alcohol intake and sexually transmitted diseases., Clin Dermatol, 17, 469

Sorted by citations

The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease—an update
Rehm, J., Gmel, G. E., Gmel, G., Hasan, O. S. M., Imtiaz, S., Popova, S., Probst, C., Roerecke, M., Room, R., Samokhvalov, A. V., et al. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13757 · Cited by 1,204
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of policies and programmes to reduce the harm caused by alcohol
Anderson, P., Chisholm, D., & Fuhr, D. C. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60744-3 · Cited by 1,102
Alcohol Use and Sexual Risks for HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Review of Empirical Findings
Kalichman, S. C., Simbayi, L. C., Kaufman, M., Cain, D., & Jooste, S. (2007) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-006-0061-2 · Cited by 582
Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Adults
Grossman, E. R., Benjamin‐Neelon, S. E., & Sonnenschein, S. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17249189 · Cited by 397
Sexual behaviours and the risk of head and neck cancers: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium
Heck, J. E., Berthiller, J., Vaccarella, S., Winn, D. M., Smith, E., Shangina, O., Schwartz, S. M., Purdue, M. P., Pilarska, A., Eluf‐Neto, J., et al. (2009) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyp350 · Cited by 385

See all 356

Authors: Cook, R. L., & Clark, D. B.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Cook, Robert L.
ORCID: Cook, Robert L.
Clark, Duncan B.
Venue: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 32
Issue: 3
Pages: 156-164
ISSN: 0148-5717 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/01.olq.0000151418.03899.97
OpenAlex: W2060127975
Cited by: 356
References: 66
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 1.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K02AA0029, K23AA000303, K23AA00303)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA014635, R01 DA14635S)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
Keywords: alcohol consumption, problem drinking, alcohol and sexual behavior, STD prevention
MeSH terms: Alcohol Drinking, Humans, Risk Factors, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Epidemiologic Research Design

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Is There an Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Sexually Transmitted Diseases? A Systematic Review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks