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Risk for Bipolar Disorder Is Associated With Face-Processing Deficits Across Emotions
Open accessAbstract
Objective Youths with euthymic bipolar disorder (BD) have a deficit in face-emotion labeling that is present across multiple emotions. Recent research indicates that youths at familial risk for BD, but without a history of mood disorder, also have a deficit in face-emotion labeling, suggesting that such impairments may be an endophenotype for BD. It is unclear whether this deficit in at-risk youths is present across all emotions or if the impairment presents initially as an emotion-specific dysfunction that then generalizes to other emotions as the symptoms of BD become manifest.Method Thirty-seven patients with pediatric BD, 25 unaffected children with a first-degree relative with BD, and 36 typically developing youths were administered the Emotional Expression Multimorph Task, a computerized behavioral task, which presents gradations of facial emotions from 100% neutrality to 100% emotional expression (happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust).Results Repeated-measures analysis of covariance revealed that, compared with the control youths, the patients and the at-risk youths required significantly more intense emotional information to identify and correctly label face emotions. The patients with BD and the at-risk youths did not differ from each other. Group-by-emotion interactions were not significant, indicating that the group effects did not differ based on the facial emotion.Conclusions The youths at risk for BD demonstrate nonspecific deficits in face-emotion recognition, similar to patients with the illness. Further research is needed to determine whether such deficits meet all the criteria for an endophenotype.
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“During passive viewing paradigms, patients with bipolar disorder and those with MDD demonstrate hypoactivity in the DLPFC and OFC and hyperactivity in the amygdala and anterior cingulate (subgenual and pregenual), although evidence is less consistent for subcortical regions such as the amygdala and paralimbic regions.”
From Systematic review of the neural basis of social cognition in patients with mood disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [194]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brotman, M. A., Skup, M., Rich, B. A., Blair, K. S., Pine, D. S., Blair, J. R., & Leibenluft, E.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brotman, Melissa A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1455-1461
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2693273
- OpenAlex
- W2066570203
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (Z01MH002778)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- bipolar disorder, familial risk, facial emotion recognition, face processing, endophenotypes, first-degree relatives, facial expressions
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Bipolar Disorder, Child, Discrimination Learning, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Phenotype, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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