Assessment of Skin Physiology Change and Safety After Intradermal Injections With Botulinum Toxin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Split-Face Pilot Study in Rosacea Patients With Facial Erythema
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been used cosmetically with good clinical efficacy and tolerable safety. OBJECTIVE: This randomized, double-blind, split-face clinical study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intradermal BTX in patients with rosacea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four participants were enrolled and randomly given intradermal injections of BTX and normal saline in both cheeks. Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) score, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) score, skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin content, erythema index, elasticity, and sebum secretions were evaluated at baseline and 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS: On the BTX-treated side, the CEA score significantly decreased and the GAIS score significantly increased. The erythema index decreased at Weeks 4 and 8. Skin elasticity was improved at Weeks 2 and 4 and skin hydration, at Weeks 2, 4, and 8. However, TEWL and sebum secretion did not show significant differences. CONCLUSION: Intradermal BTX injections reduced erythema and rejuvenated the skin effectively and safely in patients with rosacea.
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Sample size was determined based on a priori power analysis.
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Effects of four soaps on skin trans‐epidermal water loss and erythema index
Khosrowpour, Z., Ahmad Nasrollahi, S., Ayatollahi, A., Samadi, A., & Firooz, A. (2019) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.12758 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
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Liu, C., Boo, J., Kim, H., Hwang, S., Yan, X., Brieva, P., Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2026) · Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s565035 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kim, M. J., Kim, J. H., Cheon, H. I., Hur, M. S., Han, S. H., Lee, Y. W., Choe, Y. B., & Ahn, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Konkuk University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Min Jung
- Kim, Jin Hee
- Cheon, Hye In
- Hur, Min Seok
- Han, Song Hee
- Lee, Yang Won
- Choe, Yong Beom
- Ahn, Kyu Joong
- ORCID
- Venue
- Dermatologic Surgery
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1155-1162
- ISSN
- 1076-0512 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4725
- OpenAlex
- W2912791071
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Dermatologic Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Keywords
- botulinum toxin, intradermal injection, rosacea, facial erythema, skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, skin elasticity, sebum production, melanin content, skin rejuvenation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Elasticity, Erythema, Esthetics, Facial Dermatoses, Female, Humans, Injections, Intradermal, Male, Middle Aged, Neuromuscular Agents, Pilot Projects, Rejuvenation, Rosacea, Sebum, Skin, Botulinum Toxins, Type A
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