Loss of consciousness, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide risk among deployed military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury
Abstract
Objective To identify clinical variables associated with suicidality in military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) while deployed to Iraq. Setting Outpatient TBI clinic on a US military base in Iraq. Participants Military personnel (N = 158) referred to an outpatient TBI clinic for a standardized intake evaluation, 135 (85.4%) who had a diagnosis of mTBI and 23 (14.6%) who did not meet criteria for TBI. Main measures Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, Depression subscale of the Behavioral Health Measure-20, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military Version, Insomnia Severity Index, self-report questionnaire, and clinical interview addressing TBI-related symptoms. Results Among patients with mTBI, increased suicidality was significantly associated with depression and the interaction of depression with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Longer duration of loss of consciousness was associated with decreased likelihood for any suicidality. Conclusion Assessment after TBI in a combat zone may assist providers in identifying those at risk for suicidality and making treatment recommendations for service members with mTBI.
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Current or former service members who have sustained one or more concussions during their service have significantly higher rates of persistent depressive symptoms and suicidality following injury compared to non-injured peers.
“Military service members (SMs) and veterans who have sustained one or more concussions during their service have significantly higher rates of persistent depressive symptoms and suicidality compared to non-injured peers.”
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- Authors
- Bryan, C. J., Clemans, T. A., Hernandez, A. M., & Rudd, M. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-20
- ISSN
- 0885-9701 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1969151703
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- mild traumatic brain injury, suicidality, suicide risk, military personnel, deployment, loss of consciousness, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, combat exposure, Iraq deployment, suicide risk assessment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Injuries, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Military Personnel, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Unconsciousness, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
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