The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Cervical Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Background Despite significant advances in the screening, detection, and treatment of preinvasive cervical lesions, invasive cervical cancer is the fifth most common cancer in European women. There are large disparities in Europe and worldwide in the incidence, management, and mortality of cervical cancer. Objective The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), and the European Society of Pathology (ESP) jointly develop clinically relevant and evidence-based guidelines in order to improve the quality of care for women with cervical cancer across Europe and worldwide. Methods The ESGO/ESTRO/ESP nominated an international multidisciplinary development group consisting of practicing clinicians and researchers who have demonstrated leadership and expertise in the care and research of cervical cancer (23 experts across Europe). To ensure that the guidelines are evidence based, the current literature identified from a systematic search was reviewed and critically appraised. In the absence of any clear scientific evidence, judgment was based on the professional experience and consensus of the development group. The guidelines are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. Prior to publication, the guidelines were reviewed by 159 international reviewers, selected through ESGO/ESTRO/ESP and including patient representatives. Results The guidelines cover comprehensively staging, management, and follow-up for patients with cervical cancer. Management includes fertility sparing treatment; stage T1a, T1b1/T2a1, clinically occult cervical cancer diagnosed after simple hysterectomy; early and locally advanced cervical cancer; primary distant metastatic disease; cervical cancer in pregnancy; and recurrent disease. Principles of radiotherapy and pathological evaluation are defined.
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Current consensus guidelines for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer increasingly incorporate molecular classification, biomarker-driven therapy, and fertility-sparing algorithms requiring contextualized interpretation.
“Current consensus guidelines for ovarian [33], endometrial [34], and cervical cancer [35] increasingly incorporate molecular classification, biomarker-driven therapy, and fertility-sparing algorithms requiring contextualized interpretation”
From Feasibility and Concordance of a Large Language Model (ChatGPT-5) as a Clinical Decision Support Tool in Gynecologic Oncology Tumor Boards: A Blinded, Multi-Observer Study (2026) · cites this paper as [35]
The Fertility-Sparing Treatment recommendations (indexed copy; page not supplied) give eligibility criteria and management steps that depend on tumor size, histology, and nodal status. The General Recommendations also call for multidisciplinary, individualized treatment planning. The cited cervical-cancer guideline does not establish the claim that it incorporates molecular classification or biomarker-driven therapy, or that these features are increasingly incorporated over time. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Asoglu, H., Kose, S., Kayim, O., Abaci, A., Khatib, G., Vardar, M. A., Kilic Bagir, E., Gumurdulu, D., Kidi, M. M., Bayram, E., et al. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15124451 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Current consensus guidelines for ovarian [33], endometrial [34], and cervical cancer [35] increasingly incorporate molecular classification, biomarker-driven therapy, and fertility-sparing algorithms requiring contextualized interpretation—capabilities that remain underdeveloped in current LLMs.”
- Authors
- Cibula, D., Fischerova, D., Potter, R., Planchamp, F., Querleu, D., Avall-Lundqvist, E., Meder, C. H., Kohler, C., Landoni, F., Lax, S., Lindegaard, J. C., Mahantshetty, U., Mathevet, P., McCluggage, W. G., McCormack, M., Naik, R., Nout, R., Pignata, S., Ponce, J., Raspagliesi, F., Rodolakis, A., Tamussino, K., Wimberger, P., & Raspollini, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Charles University (CZ)
- Institut Bergonié (FR)
- Institut Gustave Roussy (FR)
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust (GB)
- University College Hospital (GB)
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital (GB)
- Leiden University (NL)
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale" (IT)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Linköping University (SE)
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Cibula, David
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Gynecological Cancer
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 641-655
- ISSN
- 1048-891X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3142780458
- Cited by
- 489
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 87 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 12 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 61.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Gynecological Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- Scopus (Elsevier) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology
- Institut National Du Cancer
- Institute of Cancer Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Keywords
- cervical cancer, cervical cancer management, cervical cancer staging, fertility-sparing treatment, locally advanced cervical cancer, cervical cancer in pregnancy, recurrent cervical cancer, radiotherapy, pathological examination, treatment follow-up, early-stage cervical cancer
- MeSH terms
- Aftercare, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Cervix Uteri, Female, Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic, Radiotherapy, Fertility Preservation, Organ Sparing Treatments
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