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Cited by 0Eating Disorders and BehaviorsBone health and osteoporosis researchLower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

An Update on Triad Prevalence and Exploratory Hormonal Biomarker Analyses in Ultramarathon Runners

Roche, Megan, Sainani, Kristin, Walker, Mahala, McIntyre, Abby, Kelly, Rose, Hoeg, Tracy, Fredericson, Michael, Kraus, Emily·2024·Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
DOI 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001222
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Abstract

Objective: To update the prevalence of male and female athlete Triad risk factors in ultramarathon runners and present exploratory analyses examining correlations between bone mineral density (BMD) and hormones. Design: Multiyear cross-sectional study. Setting: Western States Endurance Run 100-mile race. Participants: Participants were recruited in 2018 and 2019 for our prior cohort. We added an additional cohort in 2021. Assessment of Risk Factors: Participants completed laboratory evaluations of sex hormones, vitamin D, and ferritin (2019 and 2021 cohorts only); dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; and surveys evaluating nutritional habits, menstrual history, and injury history. Main Outcome Measures: The Triad cumulative risk assessment was assessed for each participant. Results: One hundred seventy-nine runners participated (123 men and 56 women). 61.1% of women and 28.1% of men were at moderate or high cumulative risk for the Triad. In women, there were significant correlations between hip and femoral neck BMD and total testosterone (Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.58, P = 0.001; r = 0.45, P = 0.01). In men, there were weak, significant correlations (r = 0.24-0.30, P = 0.01–0.04) between estradiol and vitamin D at most anatomic sites. Conclusions: Our results build on our prior CJSM publication. With the addition of about 50% more study participants in 2021, we observed a stable, high prevalence of Triad risk factors, which represents a more precise measurement and highlights the need for future Triad research in the ultramarathon population. We found significant exploratory associations between hormones and BMD, which varied considerably from our prior publication and should be interpreted cautiously.

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Crossref · 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001222

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10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Wiebe, 2021, The male athlete triad-A consensus statement from the female and male athlete triad coalition Part 1: definition and scientific basis, Clin J Sport Med, 31, 345

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Metadata

Authors
Roche, M., Sainani, K., Walker, M., McIntyre, A., Kelly, R., Hoeg, T., Fredericson, M., & Kraus, E.
Affiliations
  • Stanford University (US)
  • University of Kentucky (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Corresponding author
  • Roche, Megan
  • Sainani, Kristin
ORCID
Venue
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2024-04-19
Volume
34
Issue
5
Pages
469-473
ISSN
1050-642X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/jsm.0000000000001222
OpenAlex
W4394998249
Semantic Scholar
63caf70b2eea19b8b415a7518af6d80c8fe98467
Cited by
0
References
10
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine (publishedVersion)
Funders
Western States Medical Research Grant
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Keywords
female athlete triad, ultramarathon runners, bone mineral density, sex hormones, testosterone, estradiol, vitamin D, ferritin, menstrual history, cumulative risk assessment, endurance running, hip bone density, femoral neck bone mineral density

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.