Cited by 270Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyBipolar Disorder and Treatment

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Motives for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

Kleindienst, Nikolaus, Bohus, Martin, Ludäscher, Petra, Limberger, Matthias F., Kuenkele, Katrin, Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W., Chapman, Alexander L., Reicherzer, Markus, Stieglitz, Rolf-Dieter, Schmahl, Christian·2008·Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease

DOI 10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181663026

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Abstract

Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are known to use nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a dysfunctional strategy to regulate intense emotions. The primary purpose of this study was to clarify the motives for NSSI along with their interrelations. We further investigated the variety of emotions preceding NSSI and possible effects of NSSI on these emotions. To this end, a structured self-rating questionnaire on NSSI was administered to 101 female BPD-patients exhibiting NSSI. Most patients reported multiple motives for NSSI. The motives were more likely to compound than to exclude one another. Negative reinforcement was almost always involved in NSSI, whereas positive reinforcement (e.g., "getting a kick") played an additional role among about half of the patients. NSSI was usually preceded by a large variety of negative feelings that were reported to clearly improve with NSSI. In conclusion, therapists should anticipate a multidimensional functional spectrum when exploring motives of NSSI.

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Authors: Kleindienst, N., Bohus, M., Ludäscher, P., Limberger, M. F., Kuenkele, K., Ebner-Priemer, U. W., Chapman, A. L., Reicherzer, M., Stieglitz, R.-D., & Schmahl, C.
Affiliations: Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
Simon Fraser University (CA)
University Hospital of Basel (CH)
Corresponding author: Kleindienst, Nikolaus
Bohus, Martin
Ludäscher, Petra
Limberger, Matthias F.
Kuenkele, Katrin
Schmahl, Christian
ORCID: Kleindienst, Nikolaus
Bohus, Martin
Ludäscher, Petra
Limberger, Matthias F.
Chapman, Alexander L.
Stieglitz, Rolf-Dieter
Schmahl, Christian
Venue: Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2008-03
Volume: 196
Issue: 3
Pages: 230-236
ISSN: 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181663026
OpenAlex: W1976154110
Cited by: 270
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 12.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Keywords: non-suicidal self-injury, borderline personality disorder, women, negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, emotion regulation, negative emotions
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Behavior Therapy, Borderline Personality Disorder, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reinforcement, Psychology, Self-Injurious Behavior, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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Motives for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

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