Prevalence and Determinants of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Middle-Aged Indian Women
Abstract
Background Little is known about the prevalence and determinants of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women from West India, although incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer is high. Methods Cervical specimens were collected, and questionnaires on lifestyle and reproductive factors were administered to 27,192 ever-married women aged 30 to 59 years living in a rural area of Maharashtra State, India. HPV-DNA status for high-risk HPV types was assessed using the second-generation hybrid-capture II assay. Results The prevalence of HPV infection was 10.3% in this population of middle-aged women. High-risk HPV infection was associated with increasing age, low education level, manual work, early age at first sexual intercourse, and widowhood or separation. Conclusion Low socioeconomic status and vulnerable social groups such as widows and separated women are at a higher risk of HPV infection. This study demonstrates once again that HPV infection and subsequent cervical cancer are social diseases.
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The prevalence of HPV infection among women with normal cytology showing minor gynecological complaint is high compared to other studies in India.
“Compared to other studies in India, the present study disclosed a high prevalence of HPV infection among the women with normal cytology showing minor gynecological complaint [5, 6, 15–17].”
From HPV Genotypes distribution in Indian women with and without cervical carcinoma: Implication for HPV vaccination program in Odisha, Eastern India (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Data on prevalence and distribution of three most prominent genotypes in cancer cases from different geographical regions of India shows a great regional variation.
“Data on the prevalence and distribution of three most prominent genotypes in the cancer cases from different geographical regions of India shows a great regional variation [5–9, 15–17].”
From HPV Genotypes distribution in Indian women with and without cervical carcinoma: Implication for HPV vaccination program in Odisha, Eastern India (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Sauvaget, C., Nene, B. M., Jayant, K., Kelkar, R., Malvi, S. G., Shastri, S. S., & Sankaranarayanan, R.
- Affiliations
- Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (FR)
- Nargis Dutt Memorial Cancer Hospital (IN)
- Tata Memorial Hospital (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Sauvaget, Catherine
- Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy
- Venue
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 902-906
- ISSN
- 0148-5717 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054860808
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Keywords
- high-risk HPV, HPV prevalence, middle-aged women, cervical cancer risk, socioeconomic status, widowhood, educational attainment, manual labor, social determinants of health
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Female, Humans, India, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Sexual Behavior, Socioeconomic Factors, Tumor Virus Infections, Incidence, Prevalence, Reproductive History, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections
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